Topic: Contract Law
- 0 Marks
BL – Nov 2012 – L1 – SA – Q19 – Contract Law
Identify the legal activity that an undischarged bankrupt is not incapacitated from doing.
Question
An undischarged bankrupt is NOT legally incapacitated to do ONE of the following:
A. To marry a wife
B. To be elected into an elective office
C. To be appointed to or to act in the office of a Justice of Peace
D. To be appointed as a trustee of a trust estate
E. To be admitted to serve on a governing board of a statutory institution
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- 1 Marks
BL – May 2014 – L1 – SA – Q11 – Contract Law
Identifying when the court may lift the veil of incorporation.
Question
Under the common law, the veil of incorporation will NOT be lifted where the company:
A. Has been formed for fraudulent or illegal purposes
B. Operates as an agent of shareholders
C. Trades with alien enemies
D. Engages in acts that are detrimental to public interest
E. Engages in completely ultra vires activities
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- Tags: Corporate Liability, Illegal Purpose, Lifting the Veil
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: MAY 2014
You're reporting an error for "BL – May 2014 – L1 – SA – Q11 – Contract Law"
- 1 Marks
BL – Nov 2021 – L1 – SA – Q11 – Contract Law
Identifying the type of contract negotiated on social media.
Question
Emeka and Ngozi negotiated and entered into a contract using Facebook throughout. What kind of contract is this?
A. Facebook contract
B. Unenforceable contract
C. Contract pending signature
D. Social media contract
E. Electronic contract
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- Tags: Contract Law, Electronic Contract, Social Media
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2021
You're reporting an error for "BL – Nov 2021 – L1 – SA – Q11 – Contract Law"
- 6 Marks
BL – Nov 2023 – L1 – SB – Q5c – Contract Law
Advises on the legal implications of transferring bulk money from Canada to Nigeria under the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act.
Question
Oluwe family borrowed money to enable him (Oluwe) to travel to Canada in 2014 to study Medicine. After graduation, he stayed back in Canada to work. He now wants to transfer bulk money equivalent to US$15,000 to his family from Canada. One of the family members, Oghiei, has come to you to ask what he should do, considering the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act 2022.
Required:
State the legal position and advise Oghiei. (6 Marks)
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- Tags: Business Transactions, Data Purchasing, Database, Information Systems
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2023
You're reporting an error for "BL – Nov 2023 – L1 – SB – Q5c – Contract Law"
- 6 Marks
BCL – Nov 2018 – L1 – Q3a – Company Law
State three items required in the register of members/shareholders of a company.
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- Tags: Company Law, Corporate Governance, Register of Members, Shareholders
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2018
You're reporting an error for "BCL – Nov 2018 – L1 – Q3a – Company Law"
- 5 Marks
BCL – Nov 2018 – L1 – Q2a – Contract Law
Explain why the Police Authorities refused to give a reward based on the concept of a unilateral contract.
Question
The Police Authorities on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Taga offers a reward of GH¢10,000 to any person who provides information leading to the arrest and conviction of two suspected armed robbers. The robbers who rode on a motorbike shot and killed a policeman directing traffic on one of the busiest highways of the city of Rac.
Unaware of the reward, Kweku Minsu gave the information that led to the arrest of the armed robbers. He was later prompted by his friend Minimini to make a claim for the reward. He then went to make a claim for the reward but the Police Authorities refused.
Required:
Explain why the Police Authorities refused to give the reward to Kweku Minsu? (5 marks)
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- Tags: Acceptance, Contract Law, Legal Obligation, Reward, Unilateral Contract
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2018
You're reporting an error for "BCL – Nov 2018 – L1 – Q2a – Contract Law"
- 10 Marks
BCL – May 2018 – L1 – Q2a – Contract Law
Analyze the validity of a domestic agreement and the effect of a written promise.
Question
a) When Ozozo was about to travel out of the country, he promised his wife Julie that he would remit her the equivalent of GH¢2,000 every month for the upkeep of the house. However, when he got to his destination, after sending money for two months he failed to honour the promise. He has just returned after two years stay outside the country. Julie has approached you to advise her whether she can claim the arrears in the contract with Ozozo.
Ozozo promised his daughter Anita before travelling that, he would buy a car for her on his return. Anita insisted that her father put that promise into writing and sign, which he did. On his return, Ozozo is dragging his feet in respect of his promise.
Required:
i) List FOUR elements of a valid contract. (4 marks)
ii) Explain to Julie whether the agreement with Ozozo constituted a valid contract. (3 marks)
iii) Advise Anita on the effect of putting the agreement in writing. (3 marks)
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- Tags: Domestic Agreement, Valid Contract, Written Agreement
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: MAY 2018
You're reporting an error for "BCL – May 2018 – L1 – Q2a – Contract Law"
- 5 Marks
BCL – Nov 2023 – L1 – Q3a – Contract Law
Identify fiduciary or confidential relationships that raise a presumption of undue influence.
Question
a) The presumption of undue influence arises in confidential or fiduciary relationships. The presumption of undue influence applies when the relationship between the parties is such that one of them is, by reason of the confidence reposed in him by the other party, able to take unfair advantage of the other.
Required: State the fiduciary or confidential relationships which are recognized by the law as raising a presumption of undue influence in relationships between parties. (5 marks)
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- Tags: Contract Law, Fiduciary Relationships, Undue Influence
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2023
You're reporting an error for "BCL – Nov 2023 – L1 – Q3a – Contract Law"
- 10 Marks
BCL – Nov 2023 – L1 – Q2a – Contract Law
Discuss the concept of necessaries, enforceability of contracts with minors, and capacity in contract law.
Question
a) Papa Kwesi, a 16-year-old native of Cantonments, is a fashion enthusiast. He orders goods online from Labalaba Ltd, and his parents readily pay. On 28 March 2023, he ordered the following items from Labalaba Ltd: 3 wristwatches, 6 pairs of “bugger” trousers, 4 fanciful pairs of shoes, 5 current brands of shirts, and 3 brand new pairs of shoes for his girlfriend. The total cost of goods ordered was GH¢20,000.
Papa Kwesi’s mother decided to put a break on her son’s unrestricted love for ordering goods online. The parents decided that Papa Kwesi should pay for the goods from his savings. The parents felt that some of the items were unnecessary as he had them in abundance. The company subsequently issued the cost of the items in the name of Papa Kwesi.
Required: i) Explain in law of contract what is meant by Necessaries. (3 marks)
ii) In the scenario above, will Labalaba Ltd succeed on the claim against Papa Kwesi for the cost of the goods? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
iii) Which persons under the law of contract are said to lack capacity to enter into a contract?
(4 marks)
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- Tags: Capacity, Contract Law, Minors, Necessaries
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2023
You're reporting an error for "BCL – Nov 2023 – L1 – Q2a – Contract Law"
- 5 Marks
BCL – Nov 2023 – L1 – Q1d – Contract Law
Advise on the enforceability of a contract involving a civil servant.
Question
Frank James is a foreign national and businessman. He approached Rampa, an accountant and civil servant at the Registrar General Department for assistance to establish a factory. Rampa was ready to help if Frank James offered him 20% of the yearly profit from the business. Subsequently, Frank James and Rampa signed a written agreement for Rampa to have 20% of yearly profit from the business. Frank James paid the 20% for the first two years. In the third and fourth years, Frank James failed to pay the agreed 20% on profit. Rampa insists on enforcing the agreement.
Required: Advise Rampa on the chances of success of his claim. (5 marks)
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- 10 Marks
BCL – Nov 2019 – L1 – Q4 – Contract Law
Analysis of whether a breach of contract constitutes a breach of condition or warranty, and the justification for awarding damages.
Question
Kojo Atua, a businessman, who had a contract to supply timber logs to Okofoh Timber Co. Ltd, hired a tractor from Mary Arthur, at a rate of GH¢1,000.00 a day to enable him to haul the timber logs from his timber concession in Okofoh. Under the agreement, Kojo Atua paid a deposit of GH¢10,000.00. It is the case of Kojo Atua that Mary Arthur assured him that her tractor was in good condition and could haul at least 30 logs a day.
Kojo Atua, however, found the tractor to be defective almost from the beginning, with the tractor hauling a maximum of seven (7) logs a day, and a total of 60 logs during a period of a little over one month. Kojo Atua brought an action for damages for breach of contract. The Court awarded Kojo Atua special damages of GH¢20,000.00 on the basis of total failure of consideration.
Required:
i) Explain whether in the circumstance of the case, there was either a breach of condition of the contract or a breach of warranty. (10 marks)
ii) Explain in THREE (3) ways whether the court was justified in the award of GH¢20,000.00 to Kojo Atua for the failure of consideration. (10 marks)
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- Tags: Breach of Contract, Condition, Contract Law, Legal Remedies, Warranty
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2019
You're reporting an error for "BCL – Nov 2019 – L1 – Q4 – Contract Law"
- 20 Marks
BCL – Nov 2017 – L1 – Q6 – High purchase, Contract Law
Discuss the rules for transfer of risk in sale of goods and explain the concepts of liquidated damages and quantum meruit.
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- Tags: Liquidated Damages, Quantum Meruit, Risk Transfer, Sale of Goods
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law, Sale of goods/hire purchase
- Series: NOV 2017
You're reporting an error for "BCL – Nov 2017 – L1 – Q6 – High purchase, Contract Law"
- 4 Marks
BCL – Nov 2017 – L1 – Q5b – Contract Law
Analyze the enforceability of a promise made after a service has been rendered.
Question
b) Akosua returned from work to find that a young adult in the neighbor’s home had pruned all the hedges of her home. Akosua, pleased with what the young adult had done, promised a reward of GH¢100.00. After two weeks, when the reward was not forthcoming, the young adult approached Akosua with a stern warning to enforce the promise.
Required:
Explain the chances of the young adult if he intends to seek redress in court. (4 marks)
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- Tags: Consideration, Contract Law, Past Consideration
- Level: Level 1
- Topic: Contract Law
- Series: NOV 2017