Series: DEC 2022

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q3 – IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows

Prepare Dompa Ltd.'s statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2021, using the indirect method based on the IAS 7 framework.

Dompa Ltd prepares its financial statements in accordance with IFRSs. Below are the statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2021 and the statement of financial position as at that date, and the comparative statement of financial position as at 31 December 2020.

Statement of Profit or Loss for the year ended 31 December 2021

Description GH¢’000
Revenue 1,656,000
Cost of sales (745,200)
Gross profit 910,800
Other income 15,000
Admin expenses (409,860)
Distribution costs (136,620)
Profit before interest & tax 379,320
Finance cost (3,232)
Profit before tax 376,088
Tax expense (9,462)
Profit for the year 366,626

Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December

Description 2021 (GH¢’000) 2020 (GH¢’000)
Non-current assets:
Property, Plant & Equipment 33,210 23,260
Investment Property 28,500 28,000
Intangible Assets 124 155
Total Non-Current Assets 61,834 51,415
Current assets:
Inventory 15,700 5,680
Trade Receivables 82,800 10,765
Cash 16,712 152
Bank 304,437 5,950
Total Current Assets 419,649 22,547
Total Assets 481,483 73,962
Equity & Liabilities:
Equity:
Share capital 30,000 25,000
Retained earnings 373,526 11,300
Revaluation surplus 862 1,262
Total Equity 404,388 37,562
Non-current liabilities:
15% bond redeemable in 2024 20,432 20,200
Deferred tax 3,762 2,300
Current liabilities:
Trade & other payables 46,401 7,600
Current tax 6,500 6,300
Total Equity & Liabilities 481,483 73,962

Additional Information:

i) Depreciation expense on tangible non-current assets recognised for the year is GH¢8,804,000.
ii) An impairment review has been undertaken on one of the machines of the company that has a carrying value of GH¢1,500,000, but an estimated recoverable amount at the impairment review date was GH¢745,000.
iii) One of the company’s vehicles was involved in an accident in the year and was written off with a carrying value of GH¢562,000.
iv) The company sold a machine for GH¢850,000 with a carrying value of GH¢689,000.
v) The company also issued a 15% bond in January 2020 at a par value of GH¢20,000 with a tenure of 5 years.
vi) The company realized GH¢400,000 in revaluation surplus through excess depreciation charges.

Required:
Using IAS 7: Statement of Cash Flows, prepare the statement of cash flow for Dompa Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2021.

 

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q4 – Financial Analysis & Ratios

Analyze and compare Madina Ltd.’s performance using key financial ratios for the years 2020 and 2021, including comparisons with industry standards.

Madina Ltd is engaged in the processing of palm fruits to produce palm oil and palm kernel oil. The financial statements of the company for the years ended 31st December 2020 and 2021 are as follows:

Statement of Profit or Loss for the year ended

Description 2021 (GH¢’000) 2020 (GH¢’000)
Revenue 123,817 95,620
Cost of sales (84,940) (76,240)
Net gains from changes in fair value of biological assets 84 754
Gross profit 38,961 20,134
Administrative expenses (11,727) (8,494)
Other income 1,267 927
Operating profit 28,501 12,567
Finance income 888 508
Profit before income tax 29,389 13,075
Income tax expense (4,692) (3,422)
Profit for the year 24,697 9,653

Statement of Financial Position as at:

Description 2021 (GH¢’000) 2020 (GH¢’000)
Non-current assets
Property, Plant & Equipment 57,909 49,471
Financial assets 5,221 5,137
Current assets
Inventories 8,490 9,370
Trade Receivables 24,663 18,304
Cash and cash equivalents 22,832 10,618
Total Assets 119,115 92,900

The following ratios have been gathered from the food and processing industry for the year ended 31 December 2021:

  • Return on Equity (%) 23.52
  • Gross Profit Margin (%) 29.57
  • Net Profit Margin (%) 22.16
  • Current Ratio (times) 2.5
  • Acid Test Ratio (times) 1.8
  • Inventory Turnover (days) 20
  • Trade Receivables Collection (days) 68
  • Trade Payables Settlement (days) 32

Required:
Write a report to the Board of Directors of Madina Ltd, assessing the company’s performance for the year ended 31 December 2021 in relation to the industry and the comparative year.

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5a – Intangible Assets Treatment for Employee Training

Analyze the treatment of employee training costs as an intangible asset under IAS 38.

Damba Ltd spent GH¢400,000 on training courses for its employees, which has resulted in increased efficiency and cost savings. The Assistant Accountant has recognized the training costs as an intangible asset and charged six months’ amortization based on the average time within which the training courses were completed.

Required:
Comment on the Assistant Accountant’s treatment of the aforementioned transaction in Damba Ltd’s financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2022, and advise on how it should be handled under International Financial Reporting Standards.

 

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5d – Distinction Between Joint Venture and Joint Operation

This question asks candidates to explain the distinction between joint ventures and joint operations under IFRS 11.

An investor entity can enter into a contractual arrangement with another entity in which unanimous consent of both parties is required in order to take decisions relating to operating and financial policies of the investee. Such an arrangement could either be a joint venture or a joint operation.

Required:
Explain the distinction between joint venture and joint operation under IFRS 11: Joint Arrangements.

 

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5b – Definition of Liability and Provisions

This question asks candidates to define liabilities and describe circumstances under which provisions should be recognized.

The definition of a liability forms an important element of the International Accounting
Standards Board’s Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements
which, in turn, forms the basis for IAS 37: Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent
Assets.

Required

Define liability and describe the circumstances under which provisions should be recognized.

 

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5c – Calculation of EPS for the Year Ended December 31, 2021

This question requires the calculation of EPS for the year 2021, and restating the EPS for the year 2020 using a rights issue adjustment.

On January 1, 2021, Bayor Ltd had 10 million ordinary shares in issue. On 31 March 2021, the company issued at full market price, 2 million ordinary shares. On 31 August 2021, the company made a rights issue of 1 for 5 at GH¢3. The fair value of the shares on the last day before the rights issue was GH¢3.80. Profit for the current period is GH¢3.5 million. The reported Earnings Per Share (EPS) for the year ended December 31, 2020 was 0.33p.

Required: Calculate the EPS for the year ended December 31, 2021, and the restated EPS for the year ended December 31, 2020.

 

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  • 5 Marks

SCS – Dec 2022 – L3 – Q8b – Controlling risk

Explanation of ways to embed risk awareness within an organisation.

The risks that TCWL automated systems could be exposed to can be controlled and managed through embedding risk awareness in the culture of the organisation. Creating a culture of risk awareness is the responsibility of the board of directors and senior management of TCWL.

Required:
Explain FOUR (4) ways by which the Board can create and embed risk awareness in the culture of TCWL to ensure that systems risks are controlled effectively. (5 marks)

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  • 5 Marks

SCS – Dec 2022 – L3 – Q8a – Controlling risk

Explanation of risks faced by automated systems and ways to embed risk awareness within an organisation.

TCWL production processes and operations are highly automated, and this may expose the company to major risks with high potential of negative consequences for the business.

Required:
Explain FOUR (4) major risks that TCWL automated systems could suffer. (5 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

SCS – Dec 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Strategy, stakeholders, and mission

Explanation of required corporate disclosures and measures to maximise shareholder engagement in a listed company.

The Ghana Code of Best Practices for Corporate Governance specifies a number of disclosures that should be included in an annual report of a listed company, in addition to those required by law or other regulations. The new CEO has presented a paper to the Board recommending that the company should go public to raise some equity capital to partially finance its expansion plans. The listing of the company would result in an increased number of shareholders.

Required:

a) Explain to the Board SIX (6) statements that must be disclosed in the annual report of TCWL after listing on the Ghana Stock Exchange. (6 marks)
b) The Code of Best Practices recommends measures that aim at maximising attendance and involvement by shareholders in the company. Briefly discuss FOUR (4) of those measures. (4 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

SCS – Dec 2022 – L3 – Q6b – Ethics and social responsibility

Analysis of child labour using deontological and teleological ethical theories.

The Board chairman and the CEO have disagreed on whether the use of child labour by the distributors and continuous supply of the company’s products to the affected distributors is ethically wrong. The two have approached you as an expert in ethics to determine which of the positions is correct.

Required:

Using the two main theories of ethics, deontological theory and teleological theory, determine whether child labour is ethically wrong. (10 marks)

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  • 3 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5b – Audit and Assurance Risk Environment

Describes the factors that auditors should consider when assessing the competence and objectivity of an expert.

ISA 620: Using the Work of an Expert explains how an auditor may use an expert to obtain audit evidence.

Required:
State THREE (3) factors that the external auditor should consider when assessing the competence and objectivity of the expert.

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  • 4 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5a – Regulatory Framework and Audit Responsibilities

Outlines four rights that auditors have to effectively carry out their duties.

Auditors have various duties to perform in their role as auditors, for example, to express an opinion regarding the truth and fairness of the financial statements.

Required:
State FOUR (4) rights that enable auditors to carry out their duties.

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q4b – Professional and Ethical Considerations

Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing the internal audit function in an organization.

Your management has decided to outsource the internal audit function in your organization. You have been assigned to make a presentation to management.

Required:
Discuss THREE (3) advantages and TWO (2) disadvantages of outsourcing the Internal Audit function in your presentation

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q4a – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Explains the term "analytical procedures" and discusses the types and uses of analytical procedures in an audit.

You are an Audit Assistant of Apakye & Associates, a firm of Chartered Accountants. Your firm engaged an intern who would like to know more about analytical procedures.

Required:
With reference to ISA 520: Analytical Procedures,
i) Explain the term ‘analytical procedures’.
ii) Explain the different types of analytical procedures available to the auditor.
iii) Describe THREE (3) situations in the course of audit when analytical procedures can be used.

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q3c – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Discusses the reasons for conducting a physical inventory count and outlines the responsibilities of management and auditors with respect to physical inventory counts

ISA 501: Audit Evidence – Additional considerations for specific items requires that, if inventory is material to the financial statements, the auditor should obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence by, among others, being present at physical inventory counting unless impractical. The Managing Director of MLT Ltd is at a loss as to why in this age of technological advancement, auditors insist on being present during physical inventory count.

Required:
i) Explain FOUR (4) reasons for conducting physical inventory counts.
ii) Discuss the responsibilities of Management and Auditors with respect to physical inventory counts.

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  • 5 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q3b – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Explains four limitations of using ratio analysis in auditing and their impact on financial statement assertions.

You have been presented with the Financial Statements of Asiki Ltd, an audit client that has been consistent in reporting good financial performance. As part of obtaining audit evidence your Audit Manager has asked you to perform analytical procedures on the company’s General and Administrative Expenses using ratio analysis.

Required:
Explain to the Audit Manager FOUR (4) limitations of ratio analysis and how these could impact on assertions.

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  • 5 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q3a – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Outlines five general principles from ISA 500 for assessing the reliability of audit evidence provided by a client

You have been asked by your Audit Manager to assess the audit evidence provided by a client, a small company owned by Mr. and Mrs. Randolph-Phillips. You observed that the files have been neatly packaged and well referenced. You are however skeptical as to the quality of evidence provided because the year’s audit encountered many difficulties.

Required:
Outline FIVE (5) general principles in accordance with ISA 500: Audit Evidence, that will assist you in assessing the reliability of the audit evidence received.

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  • 5 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q2c – Professional and Ethical Considerations

Describes the five procedures an auditor must follow to comply with legal and professional requirements before accepting an audit engagement.

You have been nominated as an Auditor to replace a professional colleague who is retiring from an engagement after having served the mandatory period of six years as required by statute.

Required:
Describe FIVE (5) procedures you should follow to fulfill the legal and professional requirements for the acceptance of the engagement.

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  • 5 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q2b – Planning and Approach for Audit and Assurance Engagements

Outlines the mandatory terms that must be included in an engagement letter according to ISA 210.

The nature of the relationship between the audit firm and the client is specified in an engagement letter, which helps reduce the possibility of misunderstanding the auditor’s position. This letter should be reviewed, updated, and signed on an annual basis.

Required:
Explain FOUR (4) mandatory terms contained in an engagement letter.

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q2a – Internal Audit and Its Relationship with External Audit

Describes the five key roles external auditors play in corporate governance to ensure the transparency and reliability of financial statements.

External Auditors play a key role in the corporate governance framework. They conduct one of the most important corporate governance checks that help to monitor management’s activities. The audit of financial statements makes disclosures more reliable, thus increasing confidence in the company’s transparency.

Required:
Explain FIVE (5) roles that External Auditors play in Corporate Governance.

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