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CR – May 2023 – L3 – Q2b – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Discuss the advantages of using consolidated financial statements and enumerate the contents of an environmental report in an annual report.

(b) The annual reports of the group also contain separate financial statements of the parent company (Octopus Petroleum Plc). Some companies also include social and environmental reports as part of their financial statements.

Required:
i. Explain why it is better to use the consolidated financial statements for financial analysis rather than the parent’s separate financial statements. (4 Marks)
ii. Enumerate the possible contents of an environmental report included in the annual report of companies. (2 Marks)

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CR – Nov 2021 – L3 – Q3 – Sustainability Reporting

Examine financial reporting deficiencies, sustainability reporting, and integrated reporting at Maazi Limited.

Maazi Limited had been in operation for a long time. The management of Maazi Limited would like to make the company’s financial statement look good such that the financial report presented to the shareholders at its Annual General Meeting (AGM) will appear attractive. Unfortunately, this had been an illusion rather than reality. In an effort to reinvigorate the company, Maazi Limited sacked the management and appointed a new Board, chaired by Mr. Gogobiri.

One cardinal point that the new management wishes to pursue is how to make the company responsive to its environment, enhance corporate culture through good corporate governance, and ensure sustainable development.

Required:
As the Chief Finance Officer (CFO) of Maazi Limited, the Chairman of the Board has asked you to critically examine the following:

a. The deficiency in financial reporting of the previous management of the company.
(10 Marks)

b. The concept of sustainability reporting pursued by the present management as comparable with integrated reporting.
(2 Marks)

c. The drawbacks and the benefits of integrated reporting.
(8 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q10 – Environmental and Sustainability Audits

Section in annual reports for environmental impact disclosure.

The disclosure of information on the effect that the operation of an entity has on the natural environment can be found in……………..section of the annual reports and accounts.

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CR – Nov 2020 – L3 – Q4a – Sustainability Reporting

Discuss three developments in Nigeria pressuring listed companies to adopt sustainability reporting.

a. There have been many developments in Nigeria that increasingly put pressure on listed companies to embrace sustainability reporting.

Required: Discuss any THREE of such developments. (7 Marks)

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CR – May 2018 – L3 – SC – Q7 – Sustainability Reporting

Discuss arguments against voluntary environmental disclosures and information required under GRI guidelines.

Some shareholders in Nigeria are becoming increasingly interested in the environmental policies, impacts, and practices of business entities given the activities of some oil and gas and telecommunication companies. However, financial statements have not traditionally provided this information. As a result, there is early indication that some listed companies in Nigeria are beginning to publish sustainability reports complying with the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”), an organization set up in 1997, to develop a sustainability reporting framework for businesses. The GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines give guidance to entities on how to measure and report on management’s approach to the economic, environmental, and social aspects that impact their businesses.

Required:

a. Identify and explain the principal arguments against voluntary disclosure by business entities of their environmental policies, impacts, and practices.
(8 Marks)

b. Explain the nature of the information that could be disclosed by entities in their external reports concerning the economic, environmental, and social aspects in order to comply with the GRI guidelines.
(7 Marks)

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CR – Nov 2023 – L3 – SC – Q5 – Introduction to Corporate Reporting

Explain digital transformation in finance and the inclusion of social responsibility reporting requirements and benefits.

a. Digital transformation in the finance and accounting industry was accelerated by the technological development following the COVID-19 pandemic, which reshaped business models and organizations globally. For many organizations, the impetus to full digital adoption and transformation was a major enabler for survival and growth.

Required:
Identify and explain various ways in which finance executives can embrace digital transformation in accounting, financial, and corporate reporting.
(10 Marks)

b. Westham PLC is a multinational energy group recently quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX) and the London Stock Exchange (LSE). Among its many activities, the group operates an oil refinery in Nigeria, a nuclear waste disposal facility in South Africa, and a coal extraction facility in Kenya.

The finance director of Westham PLC is aware that other companies in similar sectors are including social responsibility and environmental reports as part of their corporate annual reports.

Required:
i. Identify and explain the requirements for including this type of information in corporate annual reports in Nigeria.
(2 Marks)

ii. Discuss the benefits of publishing social and environmental reports.
(3 Marks)

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CR – May 2018 – L3 – Q5a – Beyond financial reporting

Explain how integrated reporting merges sustainability reporting and financial reporting.

“Integrated reporting advances the proposition that sustainability reporting and financial reporting are inherently linked and thus would benefit from merging.” – Bob Massie, co-founder of the Global Reporting Initiative.

Required:
Explain how integrated reporting merges sustainability reporting and financial reporting.

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CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q5e – Other information in the annual report

Discuss the development of integrated reporting from social and environmental reporting.

Integrated reporting advances the proposition that sustainability reporting and financial
reporting are inherently linked and thus would benefit from merging.
Required:
Discuss how integrated reporting has developed from social and environmental reporting.

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AAA – May 2020 – Q2 – Assurance Services

Evaluate the risks, audit implications, and ethical considerations for accepting an engagement to provide assurance on EnvironmentalCare Ghana's Sustainability Report, focusing on environmental and social KPIs.

You are a manager in Sustainability Ghana, an independent member of Sustainability International, a global firm of Chartered Certified Accountants. You are responsible for evaluating proposed engagements and for recommending to a team of partners whether or not an engagement should be accepted by your firm.

EnvironmentalCare Ghana, a listed company, is an existing audit client and is an international energy producing company, with a global network including 220 countries and 300,000 employees. The company offers electricity using renewable resources to individual and corporate customers, as well as storage and logistical services.

EnvironmentalCare Ghana takes its corporate social responsibility seriously, and publishes social and environmental key performance indicators (KPIs) in a Sustainability Report, which is published with the financial statements in the annual report. Partly in response to requests from shareholders and pressure groups, EnvironmentalCare Ghana’s management has decided that in the forthcoming annual report, the KPIs should be accompanied by an independent assurance report. An approach has been made to your firm to provide this report in addition to the audit.

To help in your evaluation of this potential engagement, you have been given an extract from the draft Sustainability Report, containing some of the KPIs published by EnvironmentalCare Ghana. In total, 25 environmental KPIs, and 50 social KPIs are disclosed.

Extract from Sustainability Report Year ended 31 December 2018 Draft Year ended 31 December 2017 Actual
CO2 emissions (million tonnes) 26.8 28.3
Energy use (million kilowatt hours) 4,895 5,250
Charitable donations (GH¢ million) 10.5 8.2
Number of serious accidents in the workplace 60 68
Average annual expenditure on training per employee GH¢180 GH¢175

You have also had a meeting with Kofi Ghana, the manager responsible for the audit of EnvironmentalCare Ghana, and notes of the meeting are given below.

Notes from meeting with audit manager, Kofi Ghana

  • Sustainability Ghana has audited EnvironmentalCare Ghana for three years, and it is a major audit client of the firm, due to its global presence and recent listing on two major stock exchanges. The audit is managed from the Airport office, which is also the location of the global headquarters of EnvironmentalCare Ghana. The audit work is nearly complete, and the annual report is to be published in about four weeks, in time for the company’s meeting, scheduled for 31 January 2019.
  • No work has been done on the KPIs, other than review them for consistency, as we would with any ‘other information’ issued with the financial statements. The KPIs are produced by EnvironmentalCare Ghana’s Sustainability Department, located in Fartown. There has been no visit to EnvironmentalCare Ghana’s offices in Fartown as it is in a remote location overseas, and the department’s based there are not relevant to the audit.
  • Audit procedures were performed on the charitable donations, as disclosed in a note to the financial statements, and our evidence indicates that there have been donations of GH¢9 million this year, which is the amount disclosed in the note. However, the draft KPI has a different figure of GH¢10.5 million, and this is the figure highlighted in the draft Chairman’s Statement as well as the draft Sustainability Report. GH¢9 million is material to the financial statements.
    Your firm has recently established a sustainability reporting assurance team based at the
    Airport office and if the engagement to report on the Sustainability Report is accepted, it
    would be performed by members of that team, who would not be involved with the audit.
    Required:
    a) Identify and explain the matters to be evaluated in making the acceptance decision to
    perform an assurance engagement on the Sustainability Report of EnvironmentalCare
    Ghana. (14 marks)
    b) Recommend procedures that could be used to verify the following draft KPIs:
    i) The number of serious accidents in the workplace; and (3 marks)
    ii) The average annual expenditure on training per employee. (3 marks)
    (Total: 20 marks)

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CR – May 2023 – L3 – Q2b – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Discuss the advantages of using consolidated financial statements and enumerate the contents of an environmental report in an annual report.

(b) The annual reports of the group also contain separate financial statements of the parent company (Octopus Petroleum Plc). Some companies also include social and environmental reports as part of their financial statements.

Required:
i. Explain why it is better to use the consolidated financial statements for financial analysis rather than the parent’s separate financial statements. (4 Marks)
ii. Enumerate the possible contents of an environmental report included in the annual report of companies. (2 Marks)

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CR – Nov 2021 – L3 – Q3 – Sustainability Reporting

Examine financial reporting deficiencies, sustainability reporting, and integrated reporting at Maazi Limited.

Maazi Limited had been in operation for a long time. The management of Maazi Limited would like to make the company’s financial statement look good such that the financial report presented to the shareholders at its Annual General Meeting (AGM) will appear attractive. Unfortunately, this had been an illusion rather than reality. In an effort to reinvigorate the company, Maazi Limited sacked the management and appointed a new Board, chaired by Mr. Gogobiri.

One cardinal point that the new management wishes to pursue is how to make the company responsive to its environment, enhance corporate culture through good corporate governance, and ensure sustainable development.

Required:
As the Chief Finance Officer (CFO) of Maazi Limited, the Chairman of the Board has asked you to critically examine the following:

a. The deficiency in financial reporting of the previous management of the company.
(10 Marks)

b. The concept of sustainability reporting pursued by the present management as comparable with integrated reporting.
(2 Marks)

c. The drawbacks and the benefits of integrated reporting.
(8 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q10 – Environmental and Sustainability Audits

Section in annual reports for environmental impact disclosure.

The disclosure of information on the effect that the operation of an entity has on the natural environment can be found in……………..section of the annual reports and accounts.

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CR – Nov 2020 – L3 – Q4a – Sustainability Reporting

Discuss three developments in Nigeria pressuring listed companies to adopt sustainability reporting.

a. There have been many developments in Nigeria that increasingly put pressure on listed companies to embrace sustainability reporting.

Required: Discuss any THREE of such developments. (7 Marks)

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CR – May 2018 – L3 – SC – Q7 – Sustainability Reporting

Discuss arguments against voluntary environmental disclosures and information required under GRI guidelines.

Some shareholders in Nigeria are becoming increasingly interested in the environmental policies, impacts, and practices of business entities given the activities of some oil and gas and telecommunication companies. However, financial statements have not traditionally provided this information. As a result, there is early indication that some listed companies in Nigeria are beginning to publish sustainability reports complying with the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”), an organization set up in 1997, to develop a sustainability reporting framework for businesses. The GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines give guidance to entities on how to measure and report on management’s approach to the economic, environmental, and social aspects that impact their businesses.

Required:

a. Identify and explain the principal arguments against voluntary disclosure by business entities of their environmental policies, impacts, and practices.
(8 Marks)

b. Explain the nature of the information that could be disclosed by entities in their external reports concerning the economic, environmental, and social aspects in order to comply with the GRI guidelines.
(7 Marks)

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CR – Nov 2023 – L3 – SC – Q5 – Introduction to Corporate Reporting

Explain digital transformation in finance and the inclusion of social responsibility reporting requirements and benefits.

a. Digital transformation in the finance and accounting industry was accelerated by the technological development following the COVID-19 pandemic, which reshaped business models and organizations globally. For many organizations, the impetus to full digital adoption and transformation was a major enabler for survival and growth.

Required:
Identify and explain various ways in which finance executives can embrace digital transformation in accounting, financial, and corporate reporting.
(10 Marks)

b. Westham PLC is a multinational energy group recently quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX) and the London Stock Exchange (LSE). Among its many activities, the group operates an oil refinery in Nigeria, a nuclear waste disposal facility in South Africa, and a coal extraction facility in Kenya.

The finance director of Westham PLC is aware that other companies in similar sectors are including social responsibility and environmental reports as part of their corporate annual reports.

Required:
i. Identify and explain the requirements for including this type of information in corporate annual reports in Nigeria.
(2 Marks)

ii. Discuss the benefits of publishing social and environmental reports.
(3 Marks)

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CR – May 2018 – L3 – Q5a – Beyond financial reporting

Explain how integrated reporting merges sustainability reporting and financial reporting.

“Integrated reporting advances the proposition that sustainability reporting and financial reporting are inherently linked and thus would benefit from merging.” – Bob Massie, co-founder of the Global Reporting Initiative.

Required:
Explain how integrated reporting merges sustainability reporting and financial reporting.

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CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q5e – Other information in the annual report

Discuss the development of integrated reporting from social and environmental reporting.

Integrated reporting advances the proposition that sustainability reporting and financial
reporting are inherently linked and thus would benefit from merging.
Required:
Discuss how integrated reporting has developed from social and environmental reporting.

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You're reporting an error for "CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q5e – Other information in the annual report"

AAA – May 2020 – Q2 – Assurance Services

Evaluate the risks, audit implications, and ethical considerations for accepting an engagement to provide assurance on EnvironmentalCare Ghana's Sustainability Report, focusing on environmental and social KPIs.

You are a manager in Sustainability Ghana, an independent member of Sustainability International, a global firm of Chartered Certified Accountants. You are responsible for evaluating proposed engagements and for recommending to a team of partners whether or not an engagement should be accepted by your firm.

EnvironmentalCare Ghana, a listed company, is an existing audit client and is an international energy producing company, with a global network including 220 countries and 300,000 employees. The company offers electricity using renewable resources to individual and corporate customers, as well as storage and logistical services.

EnvironmentalCare Ghana takes its corporate social responsibility seriously, and publishes social and environmental key performance indicators (KPIs) in a Sustainability Report, which is published with the financial statements in the annual report. Partly in response to requests from shareholders and pressure groups, EnvironmentalCare Ghana’s management has decided that in the forthcoming annual report, the KPIs should be accompanied by an independent assurance report. An approach has been made to your firm to provide this report in addition to the audit.

To help in your evaluation of this potential engagement, you have been given an extract from the draft Sustainability Report, containing some of the KPIs published by EnvironmentalCare Ghana. In total, 25 environmental KPIs, and 50 social KPIs are disclosed.

Extract from Sustainability Report Year ended 31 December 2018 Draft Year ended 31 December 2017 Actual
CO2 emissions (million tonnes) 26.8 28.3
Energy use (million kilowatt hours) 4,895 5,250
Charitable donations (GH¢ million) 10.5 8.2
Number of serious accidents in the workplace 60 68
Average annual expenditure on training per employee GH¢180 GH¢175

You have also had a meeting with Kofi Ghana, the manager responsible for the audit of EnvironmentalCare Ghana, and notes of the meeting are given below.

Notes from meeting with audit manager, Kofi Ghana

  • Sustainability Ghana has audited EnvironmentalCare Ghana for three years, and it is a major audit client of the firm, due to its global presence and recent listing on two major stock exchanges. The audit is managed from the Airport office, which is also the location of the global headquarters of EnvironmentalCare Ghana. The audit work is nearly complete, and the annual report is to be published in about four weeks, in time for the company’s meeting, scheduled for 31 January 2019.
  • No work has been done on the KPIs, other than review them for consistency, as we would with any ‘other information’ issued with the financial statements. The KPIs are produced by EnvironmentalCare Ghana’s Sustainability Department, located in Fartown. There has been no visit to EnvironmentalCare Ghana’s offices in Fartown as it is in a remote location overseas, and the department’s based there are not relevant to the audit.
  • Audit procedures were performed on the charitable donations, as disclosed in a note to the financial statements, and our evidence indicates that there have been donations of GH¢9 million this year, which is the amount disclosed in the note. However, the draft KPI has a different figure of GH¢10.5 million, and this is the figure highlighted in the draft Chairman’s Statement as well as the draft Sustainability Report. GH¢9 million is material to the financial statements.
    Your firm has recently established a sustainability reporting assurance team based at the
    Airport office and if the engagement to report on the Sustainability Report is accepted, it
    would be performed by members of that team, who would not be involved with the audit.
    Required:
    a) Identify and explain the matters to be evaluated in making the acceptance decision to
    perform an assurance engagement on the Sustainability Report of EnvironmentalCare
    Ghana. (14 marks)
    b) Recommend procedures that could be used to verify the following draft KPIs:
    i) The number of serious accidents in the workplace; and (3 marks)
    ii) The average annual expenditure on training per employee. (3 marks)
    (Total: 20 marks)

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