Question Tag: Employment Income

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  • 20 Marks

TAX – May 2015 – L2 – SA – Q2 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Tax compliance requirements and tax liability calculation for Mr. Sola Abijah based on employment and part-time income.

You have been approached by Mr. Sola Abijah, a political science graduate who did his compulsory National Youth Service in a media organization in 2009. On completion of National Youth Service in January 2010, he was offered a part-time job as a freelance writer in two international newspapers. He receives an income (net of Withholding tax) based on the articles he writes that are published by the newspapers. In March 2010, he joined a popular political party and served as the party’s temporary Public Relations Officer, also on a part-time income basis.

On 2 January 2012, he secured employment on full-time basis as Senior Manager, Corporate Affairs, in Jola Investment Enterprises on a salary of ₦12,000,000 per annum.

He was ignorant of the requirements for filing Tax Returns and paying tax to Government. He has been served a warning by the State Board of Internal Revenue (SBIR) to desist from non-disclosure of his other incomes, failing which, a Best of Judgement assessment may be raised on him by the tax inspector.

Mr. Abijah has approached you to provide tax advisory services in respect of his income tax compliance requirements and the likely tax liability that may be imposed on him by the SBIR.

The following additional information has been presented to you:

Requirements:

(a) State the difference between employment income and part-time income. (3 Marks)
(b) Explain why, when and to whom taxpayers are expected to file income tax returns. (5 Marks)
(c) Explain the circumstances that may arise to cause a tax authority to raise a Best of Judgement Assessment. (4 Marks)
(d) Compute the tax liability on Mr. Abijah’s Total Income. (8 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

TAX – May 2024 – L2 – SA – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Determine Mr. Ola Alao’s chargeable income and tax payable with respect to benefits and allowances.

Mr. Ola Alao works as the manager of XYZ Limited located at Ikeja, Lagos. He provided the following income details for the 2021 assessment year:

  1. Gross monthly income: N204,000
  2. Bonuses:
    • May 29, 2021: N92,000
    • September 24, 2021: N162,000
  3. Workshop allowance (10 days at N45,000 per day)
  4. Luncheon vouchers: N120,000 (non-assignable)
  5. Official vehicle (N8,000,000, exclusive use)
  6. Night guard: N480,000, and domestic staff: N360,000 (both fully paid by the company)
  7. Transfer allowance: N2,000,000 (for relocation to Port-Harcourt office on November 1, 2021)
  8. Rented apartment paid by the company: N600,000 per annum
  9. Pension contribution: 8% of salary, life insurance premium: N20,000/month
  10. National health insurance and housing fund contributions: N35,000 and N40,000 monthly

Required:
a. For the 2021 assessment year,
i. Identify the relevant tax authority of Mr. Ola Alao. (2 Marks)
ii. Compute the chargeable income of Mr. Alao. (19 Marks)
iii. Compute the income tax payable by Mr. Alao. (5 Marks)
b. Differentiate between a contract of employment and contract for employment. (4 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

TAX – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q4a – International Taxation

This question explains the tax treatment of income earned by a non-resident individual who has spent time in Nigeria.

Mr. Alexis Sanchez was employed by Zenon Ltd as Director Commercial, West and Central Africa with effect from 1 March 2011. He entered Nigeria on the date his employment became effective and remained in Nigeria till 25 August 2011. He returned to Nigeria on 15 January 2012, and remained in Nigeria till 31 July 2012.

Required:
Explain the basis for the taxation of income earned by Mr. Alexis Sanchez in Nigeria for the relevant tax years.

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  • 25 Marks

TAX – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1a – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Compute tax payable by Mr. Adeola based on trading and employment income, deductions, and allowances.

Mr. Adeola has been in the employment of Hope Nigeria Limited for a long time, rising to Senior Manager, while also running a trading business. He ceased trading on December 31, 2014, to focus on his employment fully. The following information pertains to his income:

Trading: (i) Trading results for the periods:
Year ended August 31, 2012: N2,400,000
Year ended August 31, 2013: N1,800,000
Year ended August 31, 2014: N2,625,000
Period ended December 31, 2014: N360,000

(ii) Capital Allowances for the Years of Assessment:
2012 Assessment Year: N240,000
2013 Assessment Year: N180,000
2014 Assessment Year: N120,000

(iii) On January 1, 2015, N360,000 was received from a debtor whose debt had been written off.

Employment:
(i) Annual salary: N3,600,000.
(ii) Transfer cost spent by the company: N52,000.
(iii) A motor car provided for his exclusive use, costing N7,200,000.
(iv) Domestic staff with a salary of N600,000 per annum provided by the company.
(v) He receives assignable luncheon vouchers worth N360,000 annually.

Other Information:
(i) He derives a gross rent of N1,200,000 annually, with 10% withholding tax deducted.
(ii) Receives annual interest of N80,000 on fixed deposits.
(iii) Pays N240,000 annually as life assurance premium.
(iv) Contributes N180,000 to the National Housing Fund and N150,000 to the National Health Insurance Scheme.
(v) Pays N596,250 annually for Pension Fund Contribution.

Required:
Compute the tax payable by Mr. Adeola in respect of 2014 Year of Assessment. (Ignore the penultimate year)

 

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  • 30 Marks

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

Miss Opeyemi Olunba is a young engineer who has been working in an oil sector for
over 5 years. She currently earns a gross salary of N10,000,000 per annum. She
recently attended two interviews for a new job at Joke Oil & Gas in Rivers State and
Dabiri Hotels & Suite in Lagos State.
She has been called by the two companies to assume office on April 1, 2021. The
following salaries and allowances were offered by the two companies:

Additional information:

  1. If Miss Opeyemi accepts the offer from Joke Oil & Gas, she will rent out her Lagos apartment for N20,000,000 per annum but will need a loan of N12,000,000 at 20% interest to modify the apartment.
  2. She will pay rent of N5,000,000 in Port Harcourt if she relocates.
  3. She maintains her child, a student at St. John University,
  4. She also supports her parents.
  5. She pays a life assurance premium of N5,000,000 annually.
  6. Her employers will deduct contributions for the National Housing Fund (N5,000,000) and Pension Fund (N3,000,000).
  7. She also pays National Health Insurance Premium (N1,000,000).

Required:

a. Compute Miss Opeyemi’s personal income tax liability for the relevant year of assessment for both offers.
b. Advise her on which employment will give her a higher income after tax.

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  • 5 Marks

PT – April 2022 – L2 – Q3b(i & ii) – Income Tax Liabilities

Compute the tax liability on overtime allowances for Maame Agyeiwaa for January and February 2021.

b) Maame Agyeiwaa is a junior staff member of KayDee Ltd. Her monthly basic salary is GH¢800. She was paid an overtime allowance totalling GH¢100 during the month of January 2021. In February 2021, Maame Agyeiwaa was paid overtime allowance totalling GH¢500.

Required:
i) Compute her tax liability on the overtime allowance for the month of January 2021.
(2 marks)

ii) Compute her tax liability on the overtime allowance payments for the month of February 2021.
(3 marks)

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  • 3 Marks

PT – April 2022 – L2 – Q3e – Income Tax Liabilities

Calculate the tax liability on Bisa's bonus income for 2021

Bisa works with Kaydei Ltd and earns an annual basic salary of GH¢140,000. He was paid a bonus of GH¢45,000 in 2021.

Required:
Determine the tax liability on the bonus.
(3 marks)

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  • 5 Marks

PT – April 2022 – L2 – Q5c – Income Tax Liabilities

Explain how gifts received by individuals in relation to employment, business, or investment are taxed.

Gift means a receipt without consideration or for inadequate consideration.

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  • 20 Marks

PT – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q3a – Income Tax Liabilities

Computation of chargeable income for a physically challenged employee with various benefits and allowances.

Mr. Antitom (physically challenged) was employed as a Chief Accountant of Nangode Ltd on 1 April 2020 on an annual basic salary of GH¢60,000 x 10,000 – GH¢100,000. He was entitled to the following monthly allowances and benefits:

Allowances & Benefits Monthly Amount (GH¢)
Responsibility Allowance 4,400
Professional Allowance 6,600
House Help Allowance 8,200
Utilities 4,200
Overtime Allowance 6,000
Provision of furnished accommodation by the employer for which he paid 5% of his basic salary.
Provision of vehicle and fuel by the employer for both official and private use.
Bonus payment amounting to 25% of his basic salary.
He contributed 5.5% of his basic salary to the Mandatory Pension Scheme and an additional 10% to a Voluntary Pension Scheme approved by the National Pension Regulatory Authority.
Married with 3 children, 2 in approved Senior High Schools in Ghana, 1 at the University of South Africa.
Earned interest of GH¢4,000 on a savings account with Kilma Bank.
Received a net dividend of GH¢20,480 from an investment with Enoga Securities.
Required:
Compute the chargeable income of Mr. Antitom for the 2022 year of assessment.
(20 marks)

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  • 7 Marks

PT – Nov 2019 – L2 – Q3a – Income Tax Liabilities

Computes King Peter’s tax liability on overtime for the months of January and February 2019.

a) King Peter is a Junior Staff member of Sir James Company Limited. His monthly basic salary is GH¢700.00. He was paid overtime totaling GH¢50.00 during the month of January 2019.

Required:
i) Compute his tax liability on overtime for the month of January 2019. (2 marks)

In the month of February 2019, King Peter was paid overtime totaling GH¢500.00.

ii) Compute his tax liability on the overtime payments for the month of February 2019. (3 marks)

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  • 7 Marks

PT – May 2020 – L2 – Q3c – Income Tax Liabilities

Tax rules governing overtime and bonus payments under employment income.

c) What are the taxation rules for overtime payments and bonus payments under employment income?
(7 marks)

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  • 4 Marks

PT – July 2023 – L2 – Q3b – Income Tax Liabilities

Explanation of what constitutes employment for the purposes of tax.

What constitutes employment for the purposes of tax? (4 marks)

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  • 16 Marks

PT – July 2023 – L2 – Q3a – Income Tax Liabilities

Calculation of loan benefits for three employees based on their loan details and income.

The table below shows the incomes of three employees of Agana Ltd in 2022 year of assessment.

Income Details Adom Aseda Ayeyie
Basic Salary (GH¢) 120,000 160,000 180,000
Medical Allowance (5% of Basic Salary) 6,000 8,000 9,000
Rent Allowance (10% of Basic Salary) 12,000 16,000 18,000
Fuel Allowance (15% of Basic Salary) 18,000 24,000 27,000
Total Cash Emoluments 156,000 208,000 234,000

Besides the cash emoluments stated above, the employees received loans from the employer as follows:

i) Adom received a loan of GH¢24,000 at a rate of 5% payable within 12 months.
ii) Aseda received a loan of GH¢48,000 at a rate of 8% payable within 24 months.
iii) Ayeyie received a loan of GH¢100,000 at a rate of 10% payable within 36 months. This loan is in addition to an outstanding loan of GH¢50,000 with the same terms and conditions during the previous twelve months. (Assume that the statutory rate is 30% per annum).

Required:
Determine the loan benefits applicable to each of the three employees for the 2022 year of assessment. (16 marks)

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  • 5 Marks

PT – Aug 2022 – L2 – Q5d – Income Tax Liabilities

Explain how gifts received not related to employment or business are taxed under the Income Tax Act.

An individual who is required to furnish the Commissioner-General (CG) with a return in relation to a gift has to do so to enable the CG subject it to appropriate tax.
Required:
Explain the treatment of a gift not received under employment or business.

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  • 20 Marks

PT – Dec 2023 – L2 – Q3 – Income Tax Liabilities

Calculate chargeable income for a Finance Manager based on detailed employment benefits and allowances.

Abotsi has been in employment at Asempa Ltd since 1 August 2019 as Finance Manager on a salary scale of GH¢32,000 by GH¢8,000 to GH¢48,000.

His service conditions include the following:
i) Responsibility allowance of 18% of basic salary
ii) Utilities allowance per annum of 10% of basic salary
iii) Risk allowance of 20% on basic salary and car maintenance allowance of 5% of basic salary
iv) Leave allowance of GH¢1,900 per annum
v) Medical allowance per annum of GH¢3,500
vi) Meals allowance of GH¢700 per month
vii) Two house helps on GH¢500 wages per month each. The amount is paid to Abotsi in cash directly by the company
viii) Bonus of 25% of annual basic salary
ix) Annual Overtime allowance of GH¢18,000
x) Unaccountable entertainment allowance of GH¢2,000 a year
xi) Provision of a well-furnished bungalow in respect of which he pays GH¢400 per month as rent by way of deduction at source
xii) Provision of a vehicle with driver and fuel for both official and private purposes
xiii) Special retirement package by way of a provident fund of which he contributes 9% of his basic salary, while the company contributes 11%. (The scheme is approved by the regulatory body)
xiv) Social Security and National Insurance Trust contribution of 5.5% and the employer contributes 13% of basic salary
xv) On 1 January 2021, he was given a car loan of GH¢20,000 to purchase a car for his mother at a simple interest rate of 15% per annum. The institution gives similar facilities to other customers at the rate of 28% but the statutory rate (Bank of Ghana rate) is 25%. The loan is to be paid within the period of 24 months
xvi) He is married to Abotsiwaa and Abotsimaa who are unemployed and contribute little or no financial support to their husband. Their responsibilities are limited to the management of the house
xvii) He has six (6) children, four (4) of whom are in Silicon Valley International School, Accra-Ghana, while the rest are working
xviii) He is also responsible for the upkeep of four (4) aged relatives of his
xix) He is currently pursuing MPHIL in Finance at UPSA where he incurred GH¢25,000 by way of educational expenses in 2021
xx) He is a director of Adwoa Mansa Ltd and receives a director’s emolument of GH¢24,450 (net of taxes)
xxi) He received a dividend of GH¢20,000 (net of taxes) from the Afia Manu Bank. The dividend was taxed at 8%.

Required:
Calculate his chargeable income for the 2021 Year of Assessment. (20 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

PT – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q3 – Income Tax Liabilities

Calculate Agyeiwaa Grace’s taxable income for the 2020 year of assessment and explain gains and profits from employment.

Agyeiwaa Grace (Agyeiwaa), aged 56, is a foreign languages teacher at Mountaintop School, a private boarding school in Koforidua. Agyeiwaa has been in the teaching profession for the past 30 years. On 1 January 2020, the school promoted Agyeiwaa to head the languages department, which is a management position. She could also be subcontracted to other schools, institutions, and foreign language associations to assist their teachers and candidates during her free time. Agyeiwaa also holds a contract with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration as an interpreter on a consultancy services basis.
On 5 January 2020, Agyeiwaa entered into a consultancy agreement with the Ministry of Education to translate some local textbooks. The project is for three years ending on 31 December 2022. Payment is only effected on completion of the translation of the textbooks, and the agreed amount is GH¢30,000 per translated textbook.

Details of Agyeiwaa’s income for the year ended 31 December 2020 are as follows:

Employment income and benefits
i) Agyeiwaa receives a gross monthly salary of GH¢4,000 and an annual bonus of GH¢12,000, payable in December.
ii) Responsibility allowance of GH¢6,960 per annum.
iii) Agyeiwaa makes use of a fully furnished house in the school’s staff residential area. The school deducts a monthly rent of GH¢100 from Agyeiwaa’s salary.
iv) Upon Agyeiwaa’s appointment as the languages department head, the school provided her with a new motor vehicle with fuel for her official use.
v) Agyeiwaa contributes 2.5% of her monthly salary to a registered pension fund. The school contributes 2.5% to a provident fund on behalf of Agyeiwaa.
vi) The school deducts her statutory social security contributions at source.
vii) Agyeiwaa received a total of GH¢12,000 inconvenience allowances from the Mountaintop School during the year.
viii) The school deducts the following amounts monthly from Agyeiwaa’s salary upon her instruction and pays the appropriate amounts to the institutions concerned:

  • Subscriptions to the Ghana National Association of Teachers: GH¢15
  • Life insurance policy to Royal Life Insurance Services: GH¢50

Other non-employment income
i) Agyeiwaa successfully translated four textbooks under the terms of her contract with the Ministry of Education during 2020.
ii) Agyeiwaa’s bank account was credited with a total of GH¢15,000, representing rental income collected by an estate agent regarding residential property owned by Agyeiwaa in Kumasi.
iii) Agyeiwaa services amounted to a gross of GH¢30,000 for her subcontract work with other schools and foreign language associations. Agyeiwaa paid Mountaintop School 10% of this amount under the terms of a standing arrangement for the use of the school’s resources.
iv) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration paid Agyeiwaa GH¢9,250 net for her services as an interpreter during the year.

Required:
a) Calculate Agyeiwaa’s taxable income for the 2020 year of assessment. (14 marks)
b) Explain FOUR (4) possible individual gains and profits from an employment for a year of assessment. (6 marks

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  • 14 Marks

AT – NOV 2018 – L3 – Q2C – Business income – Corporate income tax, Tax administration in Ghana

Calculate taxable income and tax payable for an individual with multiple income sources, and identify tax compliance issues for a private practice.

c) Kate Oppong, a physically challenged, works for the Ministry of Health as an eye surgeon and optician based at Komfo Anokye Teaching hospital in Kumasi. She dedicates most of her free time to her private practice, as well as writing books and articles for the Ghana Medical Journal. Kate is also part of the medical team for the local NGO and Sight Restoration, which is involved in cataract surgery for the disadvantaged members of society in remote rural areas.

Kate’s private practice is located in Kumasi and has a staff complement of six employees who are all full time workers. Kate only attends to the patients at her private practice strictly by appointment and her patient base has been steadily growing due to her experience and dedication.

In terms of her service contract with Sight Restoration, Kate is required to participate in all the cataract operations scheduled for the year. Her service contract is for a year, subject to renewal as and when donor support is available.Sight Restoration’s field staff, of which Kate is one, are paid a predetermined monthly salary plus an attendance allowance which is paid only after each cataract operation. The field staff is also entitled to a one-off representation allowance for participating in scheduled seminars.

Kate Oppong’s earnings and deductions for the year ended 31 December 2017 were:

Notes:

  1. This amount is part repayment of the interest free personal loan of GH¢12,000 advanced to Kate on 1 January, 2017, repayable over two years. The Bank of Ghana interest rate for the year ended 31 December 2017 was constant at 20%.
  2. This amount was fully expended towards the travelling costs for Kate and her minor son for his medical treatment in South Africa.
  3. No employees tax (PAYE) or corporate income tax was paid in respect of the amounts paid to the employees of the private practice (including Kate) or the profits from the practice. This was because in Kate’s opinion her operations were ‘private’ and as such not subject to tax and also because she believed that she was already contributing her fair tax share from her other two employers.
  4. Kate is a single parent and takes care of her single son in the senior high school. She also takes full responsibility of her aged mother.

Required:

i) State the Ghana Revenue Authority’s (GRA) requirements which have been breached by Kate Oppong and consequences of the breach based on the information given in note (3). (5 marks)

ii) Calculate the taxable income of and income tax payable by Kate Oppong for the year ended 31 December 2017. Note: All computations should be rounded to a whole cedi. (9 marks)

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  • 13 Marks

TX – May 2019 – L3 – Q2a – Taxable Income Calculation and Obligations

Calculate the taxable income and assess the tax obligations for a secondment and other income.

Agyemang Boateng has been working with Intellect Consult Limited (ICL) since 2010. At the beginning of January 2016, he was seconded to Accra Metropolitan Assembly (AMA) for a period of six months to be part of a team to spearhead a restructuring exercise and the review of the system of internal controls at the Revenue department of AMA.

Terms of the AMA engagement:

ICL was to be paid a one-off settlement of GH¢10,000 at the completion of the engagement as well as reimbursement of monthly operational expenses incurred based on submission of the relevant invoices.

Agyemang’s only entitlements from AMA were the following monthly allowances:

Inconvenience Allowance: GH¢300
Extra Duties Allowance: GH¢200
Agyemang’s secondment to AMA did not in any way affect his salary and other entitlements from his employer, ICL, as these continued to accrue to him during the period of the secondment.

Agyemang’s earnings and entitlements from ICL for the year of assessment ended 31 December 2016 are as follows:

Basic Salary: GH¢46,000
Bonus: GH¢9,500
Fuel allowance: GH¢1,750
Entertainment allowance: GH¢7,500
Additional Information:

Agyemang stays in a fully furnished ICL bungalow at East Legon in Accra. ICL charges him a rent of GH¢150 per month.
Agyemang makes use of ICL’s company vehicle, driver, and fuel for official use only.
On 1 January 2016, Agyemang successfully applied for a GH¢10,000 loan from his employer, ICL. His employer charged him interest of 2% per annum on the loan. During this period, Bank of Ghana policy rate was 15%. The loan was repayable within ten months.
On 1 October 2016, Agyemang commenced part-time lecturing in Accounting at a local private Senior High School. He was paid monthly for his services, and the total amount received for the three months ended 31 December 2016 was GH¢5,000 gross.
Agyemang’s other non-employment-related income received during the year ended 31 December 2016 were:

Net royalties received for his Accounting textbook: GH¢21,250
Gross local company dividends (Unquoted Company shares): GH¢13,000
Interest on Bank deposits from local financial institutions: GH¢10,000
Gross lottery winnings: GH¢12,000
Required:

i) Calculate Agyemang’s taxable income for the year ended 31 December 2016. (10 marks)

ii) State AMA’s tax obligation when making the disbursement of GH¢10,000 to ICL. (1 mark)

iii) What are the tax implications to Agyemang with respect to the following:

Part-time lecturing
Royalty
Dividends
Interest on bank deposit (2 marks)
iv) What is the tax implication of the loan taken by Agyemang? (1 mark)

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  • 7 Marks

AT – Nov 2015 – L3 – Q1c – Business income – Corporate income tax

Treatment of shares issued to employees by the parent company for tax purposes.

Staff of ABC Bank Ghana Limited have been issued shares by ABC Bank Limited – United Kingdom (the Parent company). The shares have been vested and are available to be sold immediately by the beneficiary staff.

Requirement:
With the support of the provisions of the relevant tax laws, how will the above be treated for tax purposes, if any?

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  • 17 Marks

AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q2a – Business income – Corporate income tax

Calculating the assessable income and tax payable of Mr. Osei Bobie for the year 2016.

Mr. Osei Bobie, an amputee, was the Senior Accountant of Soroku Mine Company Limited (a mining company) for many years with a basic salary of GH¢54,000 per annum. He was entitled to a company vehicle, fuel, and driver.

He acted for the Director of Finance in March, April, and May 2016, during which month his salary was raised to GH¢5,000 per month.

Mr. Osei Bobie was housed in the company lavishly furnished accommodation on the mine.

He was also entitled to the following monthly allowances:

  • Professional allowance GH¢400
  • Responsibility allowance GH¢500

Mr. Osei Bobie resigned from Soroku Mine Limited on 30 June 2016. He received the following on his resignation:

  • He was allowed to take home the company’s pick-up he was using valued at GH¢5,000.
  • Cash gifts from staff GH¢6,100.

On 1 August 2016, he took up an appointment as Accounts Manager of Phinex Limited (a retailing company) on a salary of GH¢72,000 per annum. His other entitlements were agreed as follows:

  • Responsibility Allowance – GH¢150 per month
  • Cost of Living Allowance – GH¢200 per month
  • Risk Allowance – GH¢100 per month
  • Overtime Pay – GH¢250 per month
  • Bonus – GH¢1,500 in each December
  • Vehicle and fuel
  • Accommodation only

Mr. Osei Bobie finances the following insurance policies and also contributes to the Social Security and National Insurance Trust (SSNIT):

Insured Premium Sum Assured
Mrs. Gameli (sister) GH¢500 GH¢4,000
Mr. Osei Bobie GH¢3,600 GH¢35,000

Mr. Osei Bobie is not married, but he is responsible for his three children, who are all attending registered Senior High Schools. Mr. Osei Bobie supports his 72-year-old grandmother with GH¢300 per month despite her immense wealth. His grandmother depends entirely on him.

Required:
a) Compute the assessable income and tax payable of Mr. Osei Bobie for the year 2016. (17 marks)

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