Question Tag: Capital Allowance

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  • 10 Marks

AT – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Tax Implications of Foreign Acquisition

Evaluate the tax implications of a 70% equity acquisition by a foreign company and the proposed funding option

Baimbil LTD, based in Australia, has decided to acquire a company in Ghana instead of starting a new one.

The shareholders of Borketey LTD, a resident company in Ghana, have decided to sell the company due to cash flow challenges. As a result, Baimbil LTD approached the management of Borketey LTD and engaged a consultancy firm to perform due diligence checks. Following this, Baimbil LTD acquired 70% of the equity of Borketey LTD.

Below is an extract from the books of Borketey LTD for the 2023 year of assessment:

Description Amount (GH¢)
Share Capital 1,000,000
Retained Earnings (500,000)
Shared Deals 50,000
Bad Debts (Sold to MN LTD, now bankrupt) 1,000,000

Proposed Financing by Baimbil LTD:

The following proposals have been tabled for consideration after the acquisition:

  1. Baimbil LTD to provide GH¢100 million as debt with 2% interest above the market rate.
  2. Baimbil LTD to provide GH¢100 million as additional equity capital.
  3. Baimbil LTD to provide collateral for a bank facility of GH¢100 million in Ghana.

Required:

(i) Evaluate the tax implications of the 70% equity acquisition.

(ii) Evaluate the tax implications of the three proposed financing options.

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  • 9 Marks

AT – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q2b – Tax Implications of 100% Acquisition in Mining Operations

Explain the tax implications of a 100% acquisition and compute the gains from the acquisition.

Tongo LTD (Tongo) is a mining company operating in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The following relates to the operations of Tongo for the 2023 year of assessment:

Description GH¢
Revenue (Gross) 200,000,000
Cost of Operations 80,000,000
Margin/Profit 120,000,000

Additional Information:

  1. Tempane Mines LTD acquired 100% interest in Tongo for a consideration of GH¢310,000,000 at the end of 2023.
  2. The cost of assets acquired at their respective acquisition dates are as follows:
Year Cost of Assets (GH¢)
2020 100,000,000
2021 75,000,000
2023 50,000,000

Required:

i) Explain the tax implication of the 100% acquisition.

ii) Compute the gains from the above acquisition and determine how the gains should be treated.

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  • 15 Marks

AT – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q1a – Computation of Partnership Chargeable Income

Compute the partnership's chargeable income for the 2023 year of assessment.

Takyi and Kuro commenced a retail business in Goaso, Ghana on 1 January 2020, under the partnership name Ntaafo LTD, sharing profits and losses equally. On 1 January 2023, Tawia was admitted as a new partner. Takyi, Kuro, and Tawia then shared profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2:1 respectively. The partnership prepares its accounts to 31 December annually.

The partnership’s profit and loss account for the year ended 31 December 2023 is as follows:

Note GH¢ GH¢
Gross Trading Profit 4,365,000
Compensation (1) 50,000
Total Revenue 4,415,000
Less: Operating Expenses
Audit Fees 25,000
Rent and Rates (2) 348,000
Wages and Salaries (3) 1,410,000
Interest on Capital (4) 205,000
Contribution towards National Insurance Scheme 111,000
Trade Debts Written Off (Bad Debts) 92,000
Legal Fees (5) 43,000
Entertainment (6) 270,000
Motor Expenses (7) 87,000
Repairs and Maintenance (8) 190,000
Commission (9) 310,000
Printing and Stationery 82,000
Electricity and Telephone 51,000
Depreciation 123,000
Sundry Expenses 270,000
Total Expenses 3,617,000
Net Profit 798,000

Notes:

  1. Compensation:

    • Compensation received from suppliers for delays in supplies: GH¢70,000
    • Court fines paid to client for negligence: (GH¢20,000)

  2. Rent and Rates:

    • Rent for business premises: GH¢180,000
    • Rent for Takyi’s private residence: GH¢156,000 (Disallowed)
    • Business operating permit paid to Goaso Municipal Assembly: GH¢12,000

  3. Wages and Salaries:

    • Takyi: GH¢180,000
    • Kuro: GH¢240,000
    • Tawia: GH¢66,000
    • Mrs. Takyi (staff): GH¢120,000
    • Mrs. Tawia (staff): GH¢144,000
    • Other staff: GH¢660,000

  4. Interest on Capital:

    • Takyi: GH¢30,000
    • Kuro: GH¢40,000
    • Tawia: GH¢10,000
    • Bank interest: GH¢125,000

  5. Legal Fees:

    • Renewal of annual tenancy agreements: GH¢8,000
    • Collection of trade debts: GH¢10,000
    • Preparing contract documents (suppliers and contractors): GH¢5,000
    • Preparing contract documents to acquire a new company: GH¢20,000 (Disallowed)

  6. Entertainment:

    • The entertainment expenses relate to the partners’ private enjoyment (Disallowed).

  7. Motor Car Expenses:

    • Petrol: GH¢52,000
    • Repairs: GH¢30,000
    • Fines for late renewal of vehicle license: GH¢5,000 (Disallowed)

  8. Repairs and Maintenance:

    • Replacement of bolts and nuts on Plant and Machinery: GH¢10,000
    • Major expenditure on Landscaping and Renovation: GH¢180,000 (Capitalized)

  9. Commission:

    • Takyi (for introducing a new customer to the business): GH¢20,000 (Disallowed)
    • Salesmen and Saleswomen: GH¢230,000
    • Unidentified recipient: GH¢60,000 (Disallowed)

Other Information:

  • Capital allowance agreed with the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) was GH¢234,000 for the 2023 year of assessment.

Required:
Compute the partnership’s chargeable income for the 2023 year of assessment.

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  • 10 Marks

PT – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q4a – Chargeable Income Computation

Compute the chargeable income and tax payable for Amasa Architecture and Building LTD for the 2022 and 2023 years of assessment.

Amasa Architecture and Building LTD has been in business for the past seven years. The following information relates to the company’s operations for the years ending 31 December 2022 and 2023.

DETAILS 2022 (GH¢) 2023 (GH¢)
Profit before tax 795,000 2,110,000
Provision for Depreciation 230,000 115,000
Donation to Manhyia Children Home (Approved by Social Welfare Department) 350,000 210,000
Donation towards 2023 Adae Kese Festival 105,000 150,000
Capital allowance agreed with the Ghana Revenue Authority 1,500,000 1,700,000
Withholding tax paid as contained in certificates received 10,000 25,000

Required:
Using the information provided above, compute the chargeable income and tax payable by Amasa Architecture and Building LTD for the years of assessment 2022 and 2023.

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  • 5 Marks

ATAX – May 2017 – L3 – Q2b – Tax Incentives and Reliefs

List five tax incentives for companies utilizing associated gas in downstream operations.

State FIVE incentives available to a company engaged in the utilization of associated gas. (5 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

ATAX – May 2019 – L3 – Q3 – Taxation of Companies

Prepare capital allowance computations and tax liabilities for Pardo Nigeria Limited based on its financial data and asset acquisitions.

Pardo Nigeria Limited is a manufacturer of polythene bags. It was incorporated on January 1, 2013, but commenced business operations on March 1, 2013. The following is the summary of its adjusted profits for the respective years:

Period Ended Adjusted Profit (₦’000)
December 31, 2013 7,200
December 31, 2014 10,700
December 31, 2015 12,650
December 31, 2016 15,220
December 31, 2017 19,850

The company acquired the following assets:

Date Asset Type Amount (₦’000)
April 5, 2013 Factory building 5,400
January 17, 2014 Office furniture 2,750
December 1, 2014 Motor vehicle 4,500
January 3, 2015 Production plant 1,820

The company sold some of its assets on December 31, 2017 as follows:

Asset Type Cost (₦’000) Proceeds (₦’000)
Office furniture 250,000 35
Production plant 650,000 60

As the newly appointed tax consultant to the company, the managing director sought your advice on both capital allowances available to the company and the tax liabilities resulting from them for the relevant years. He, however, informed you during the finalization of the engagement that the factory building was purchased second-hand from a company that had ceased operation six months earlier.

Required:
Prepare a report addressed to the managing director of the company showing, for all the relevant years:

a. Capital allowance computations (9 Marks)
b. Tax liabilities payable (11 Marks)

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  • 10 Marks

ATAX – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q2c – Petroleum Profits Tax (PPT)

Compute and explain the significance of adjusted profit, chargeable profit, and chargeable tax for Joji Petroleum Company.

Mr. Gillani Azurhi is considering investing in a petroleum company and has provided financial extracts of Joji Petroleum Company Limited for analysis.

Financial Data Provided:

Item N’000
Current year capital allowances 6,080
Previous years’ capital allowances b/f 8,901
Custom duty 125
Royalties not included in accounts 1,638
Loss brought forward 6,250
Petroleum Profits Tax payable 1,336

Tax Rate: 85%

Required:

Compute and explain the significance of each of the following:

i) Adjusted profit (9 Marks)
ii) Chargeable profit (2 Marks)
iii) Chargeable tax (2 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

ATAX – Nov 2021 – L3 – Q1 – Corporate Tax Compliance and Reporting

Calculation of tax liabilities, corporate tax compliance, and adjustments in financial reporting.

Carrol Nigeria Limited, a medium-sized company, commenced business in 2011. The company has three subsidiaries in the manufacturing of household utensils and baby products. Over the last three years, its fortunes have dwindled due to high costs of imported raw materials, overheads, low patronage from customers, and increasing demands from the host communities for social amenities.

Due to the challenging business environment, the board decided in 2016 to reduce workforce and permanently close one of its subsidiaries. This led to the appointment of a young accountant with limited taxation and fiscal policy knowledge as the Group Accountant after two Finance Department staff were affected.

In the past three years, the company faced challenges with tax authorities on tax compliance. The Group Managing Director was embarrassed when informed by the tax officer that essential records necessary for determining tax liabilities were not maintained. Gaps were also observed in the annual returns filed by the company, and the Revenue Service is conducting a back duty audit.

The Group Managing Director has sought assistance in addressing these challenges and provided documents for recomputation of the company’s income tax liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The statement of profit or loss for the year ended December 31, 2020, is as follows:

Additional Information:

  1. Other income included ₦320,000 realized from the disposal of an old plant.
  2. Administrative expenses included ₦250,000 paid to a legal practitioner for the defense and release of the company’s driver caught by traffic officers.
  3. 30% of motor running expenses was expended on the personal expenses of the Managing Director.
  4. 20% of the donation was paid to a State Government fund assisting insurgent victims.
  5. Repairs and maintenance included ₦215,000 for erecting a gate destroyed during a youth protest.
  6. Allowance for doubtful debts comprised ₦600,000 in general provision and ₦400,000 in specific provision.
  7. Miscellaneous expenses included ₦450,000 for hamper gifts to customers during Sallah and Christmas.
  8. A review revealed the gross turnover was understated by ₦750,000.
  9. The following is the schedule of qualifying capital expenditure on property, plant, and equipment:
    Nature Date of Acquisition Amount (₦’000)
    Factory building September 8, 2016 3,800
    Furniture & fittings October 12, 2016 1,600
    Motor van June 19, 2018 4,200
    Factory building March 8, 2020 6,500
    Furniture & fittings April 15, 2020 2,000
    Industrial plant July 1, 2020 5,700
    Motor van December 20, 2020 4,240
  10. Unutilized capital allowances brought forward was ₦1,500,000, with a balancing charge of ₦155,000 on disposal of the old plant.

Required:
As the company’s tax consultant, prepare a report to the Group Managing Director covering the following:

a. Provisions of the Companies Income Tax Act CAP C21 LFN 2004 (as amended) and Finance Act 2020 regarding maintenance of books or records of accounts (4 Marks)

b. Back duty audit and its implications (4 Marks)

c. Computation of the company’s tax liabilities (with supporting schedules) for the relevant tax year (22 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AT – May 2024 – L3 – SB – Q2 – Taxation of Specialized Businesses

Calculation of hydrocarbon tax payable by New Rain Petroleum and analysis of tax implications for deep offshore investment.

New Rain Petroleum Company Limited has been operating in the onshore and shallow water areas of the Niger Delta region for over fifteen years. The company was granted a petroleum mining lease license in January 2021. In its bid to improve profitability, the company’s management intends to apply for a license to operate in the deep-sea area starting from 2025. The decision of the management is expected to be presented to the company members at the 2023 annual general meeting, scheduled in the second half of 2024.

The following financial data were extracted from the book of accounts of New Rain Petroleum Company for the year ended December 31, 2023:

Income N’ million
Fiscal value of crude oil sold 191,100
Value of condensate from associated gas 84,474
Value of natural gas liquid from associated gas 55,328
Other incidental income 151
Realized exchange gain 38
Gross total income 331,091
Expenses/Deductions N’ million
Royalty incurred and paid 86,200
First exploration wells cost 6,800
First two appraisal wells costs 18,700
Joint cost – terminalling 12,000
Gas reinjection wells cost 3,420
Salaries and wages 9,300
Power cost 1,650
NDDC charge 125
Concessional rentals 60,430
Depreciation of assets 13,860
Allowance for doubtful debts 2,400
Host community trust fund contribution 4,800
Stamp duty 16
Staff welfare 350
Travelling 180
Donations and subscription 6
Decommissioning and abandonment 1,300
Environmental remediation fund contribution 1,250
General expenses 500
Finance costs 1,750
Total Expenses 225,037
Net Profit 106,054

Additional Information:

  1. Data on Crude Oil, Condensate, and Natural Gas Sales:
    Category Quantity (million barrels) Actual Price (USD) Fiscal Price (USD)
    Crude oil 5.25 70 72
    Condensate from associated gas 3.61 45 44
    Natural gas liquid from associated gas 2.80 38 40
  2. Omitted Record:
    • A balancing charge of N1,500,000 was made from the disposal of an old oil equipment platform, which was omitted from the records.
  3. Allowance for Doubtful Debts:
    Type of Provision N’ million
    Specific provisions 900
    General provisions 1,500
    Total 2,400
  4. Donations and Subscription:
    Recipient N’ million
    Recognized orphanage homes 3.0
    Host community’s cultural group 2.0
    Subscription to oil and gas association 1.0
    Total 6.0
  5. General Expenses:
    Expense N’ million
    Penalty for gas flare 250
    Printing of stationery items 140
    State government levy 110
    Total 500
  6. Agreed Capital Allowances:
    Category N’ million
    Brought forward 167
    For the year 2,105
    Total 2,272
  7. Production Allowance:
    Type of Operation N’ million
    Onshore operations 900
    Shallow water operation 1,700
    Total 2,600
  8. Exchange Rate: The exchange rate averaged N520 to 1 USD during the year.
  9. Assumption: Tax liabilities are to be paid in domestic (Naira) currency.

Required:
As the company’s Tax Manager, you are to advise the management, in accordance with the provisions of the Petroleum Industry Act 2021, on:

a. Hydrocarbon tax payable for the relevant assessment year (18 Marks)
b. Tax implications if the company decides to invest in deep offshore areas (2 Marks)

(Total 20 Marks)+

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  • 15 Marks

FM – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q5 – Capital Budgeting under Uncertainty

Analyze whether replacing a machine after three or four years is more beneficial based on economic costs and tax implications.

Kuku Plc. had a need for a machine. After four years of purchase, the machine will no longer be capable of efficient working at the level of use by the company. The company typically replaces machines every four years. The production manager has noted that in the fourth year, the machine will require additional maintenance to maintain normal efficiency. This raises the question of whether the machine should be replaced after three years instead of four years, as per company practice.

Relevant information is as follows:

(i) A new machine will cost N240,000. If retained for four years, it will have zero scrap value at the end. If retained for three years, it will have an estimated disposal value of N30,000. The machine qualifies for capital allowance of 20% on a reducing balance basis each year, except in the last year. In the final year, if the disposal proceeds are less than the tax written-down value, the difference will be an additional tax relief.

The machine is assumed to be bought and disposed of on the last day of the company’s accounting year.

(ii) The company tax rate is 30%, payable on the last day of the relevant accounting year.

(iii) Maintenance costs are covered by the supplier in the first year. In the second and third years, maintenance costs average N30,000 annually. In the fourth year, they increase to N60,000. Maintenance costs are tax-allowable and payable on the first day of the accounting year.

(iv) The company’s cost of capital is 15%.

Required:

a. Prepare calculations to determine whether it is economically beneficial to replace the machine after three years or four years. (12 Marks)

b. Discuss two additional factors that could influence the company’s replacement decision, including any potential weaknesses in the decision criteria. (3 Marks)

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  • 7 Marks

TX – May 2019 – L3 – Q3B – Tax planning

Discuss the tax implications of finance lease arrangements, particularly concerning the eligibility for capital allowance under the Income Tax Act 2015 (Act 896).

b) At a tax seminar organised by The Institute of Chartered Accountants (Ghana) in December 2016, the issue of tax implications for finance lease arrangement dominated the discussion. The facilitator said that both the lessor and the lessee shall be denied capital allowance under the tax law.

The facilitator intimated that capital allowance is granted to persons who acquire assets and own them and use such to generate business income. Both the lessor and the lessee, consequently do not qualify for capital allowance under the Income Tax Act (Act 896), 2015 and its regulations, he added.

Required:
As a tax advisor, submit a response to the above based on the tax provisions. The response is to be published in the Institute’s Journal. (7 marks)

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  • 8 Marks

TX – May 2019 – L3 – Q5a – Minerals and mining

Tax computation for a mining company including the treatment of financial costs, depreciation, and mineral royalty, followed by the tax implications.

a) Kaato Mining Company Ltd (Kaato) has been operating in the mining sector for some time now. The following data is relevant to the company’s operations for the 2017 year of assessment:

GH¢

Adjusted profit: 100,000,000
The following additional information is relevant:

Financial cost of GH¢900,000 inclusive of interest on working capital loan of GH¢20,000 was adjusted in arriving at the adjusted profit.
Financial gain from derivatives of GH¢600,000 was adjusted in arriving at the adjusted profit above.
Depreciation of GH¢125,000 was adjusted to the profit above.
Written down value brought forward from 2016 after 1-year capital allowance was granted stood at GH¢1,000,000. This was accordingly certified by the Audit Unit of the Ghana Revenue Authority.
Revenue of GH¢1,200,000,000 was realized on a quantity of gold production of 80,000,000 ounces. A review of the tax returns of Kaato Ltd revealed that Mineral Royalty was not calculated for 2017. Kaato applied for a waiver of penalty and interest on the mineral royalty to which GRA obliged.
Required: i) Compute the taxes payable. (6 marks)

ii) What is the tax treatment of financial cost under mineral operations? (2 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AT – April 2022 – L3 – Q5 – Business income – Corporate income tax | Tax planning

A trainee accountant is tasked with correcting errors in the tax computation of Prime Shea Ltd. The tasks include determining allowable financial costs, preparing a revised tax computation, calculating the tax payable, and recommending a process for appeal against a tax audit assessment.

a) You are a Trainee Accountant, and your manager has asked you to correct a company tax
computation which has been prepared by the Managing Director of Prime Shea Ltd, a
manufacturing company located in Batanyili, a suburb of Tamale in the Northern Region.
The company commenced business on 1 January 2014. The company tax computation is
for the year ended 31 March 2020 and contains a significant number of errors:

Required:
i) Determine the allowable financial cost for the year ended 31 December 2020. (4 marks)
ii) Prepare a revised tax computation to determine the chargeable income for the year ended
31 December 2020. (4 marks)
iii) Calculate the tax payable by Prime Shea Ltd under the Income Tax Act 2015 (Act 896) as
amended. (2 marks)

 

b) You are a final level CA student who has been helping Naagode Ltd on tax issues. Naagode Ltd has been doing business in the international space, importing and exporting products. You have been told that when you qualify, you would manage their Tax Department.

What has baffled the company lately is an audit outcome by the Ghana Revenue Authority. The audit was done in two-folds. One by the Post Clearance Audit Department of the Customs Division and the other by Tax Audit and Quality Assurance (TAQA) Department of Domestic Tax Revenue Division.

The audit findings are as follows:

Post Clearance Audit Department of the Custom Division:
Import Duties GH¢10,000,000
Value Added Tax (VAT) GH¢12,000,000
National Health Insurance Levy (NHIL) GH¢4,000,000
Ghana Education Trust Fund (GET/Fund) GH¢4,000,000

TAQA Department of Domestic Tax Revenue Division:
Corporate Tax GH¢230,000,000
VAT GH¢29,000,000
NHIL GH¢29,000,000
Withholding Tax (WHT) GH¢105,000,000

The management of Naagode Ltd has asked you to assess the chances of the Company if an objection to the assessment is raised as it considers the assessment quite excessive.

Required:
Recommend the process that the management should adopt to ensure success in its appeal.

 

 

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  • 14 Marks

TF – May 2018 – L3 – Q2a – Capital Allowance

Calculate the capital allowances and chargeable income of Sekyiwaa Annam Industries Ltd for the year 2017.

Sekyiwaa Annam Industries Limited manufactures personal hygiene soaps and related products at their factory in Takoradi. The company commenced business operations on 1 April 2016 and had an assessed loss of GH¢150,200 for the period ended 31 December 2016.

The company recorded a net profit of GH¢762,800 for the year ended 31 December 2017 after taking into account the following transactions in the income statement:

Gross rental income of GH¢180,000 received from the leasing of one wing of the office building. The rental income portion constitutes 10% of the office building.
Net interest received on bank deposits from Ghana Commercial Bank of GH¢10,028. Withholding tax of 8% has been deducted.
The registration of Trademarks at a total cost of GH¢75,000 in respect of the Company’s personal hygiene soaps that is to last for 10 years. The research and development expenses incurred in connection with these soaps amounted to GH¢15,000 and the company intends to expense it. The legal costs incurred to complete the registration of the Trademark was GH¢5,000.
A donation of GH¢120,000 worth of furniture was made to a local government-assisted school as part of the Company’s corporate social responsibility program, which was duly acknowledged by Ghana Education Service (GES).
Depreciation of fixed assets of GH¢57,000.
Replacement of two motor vehicle engines costing GH¢51,000.
Exceptional costs amounting to GH¢150,000 as a result of the production manager sustaining an injury while working on one of the production lines in the factory. GH¢35,000 of the costs relate to a payment made to the production manager as severance pay. GH¢110,000 was used to acquire additional computers. The remaining GH¢5,000 of the costs represent fines imposed by the Factory Inspectorate Department of the government following the incident.
Purchases of a Computer Server for accounting and human resource needs at a cost of GH¢20,000.
Additional Information:
Details of the Company’s other fixed assets, at cost, are provided below. These were all acquired/constructed during the year to 31 December 2016:

Asset Cost (GH¢)
Factory Building 800,000
Plant and Machinery 510,000
Office Building 420,000
Furniture and Office Equipment 60,000
Motor vehicles (Goods Vans) 130,000
Computers 30,000

Required:
i) Calculate the capital allowances claimable by Sekyiwaa Annam Industries Limited for the year ended 31 December 2017 using all the available information.
(8 marks)

ii) Calculate the chargeable income of Sekyiwaa Annam Industries Limited for the year ended 31 December 2017 and the tax payable.
(6 marks)

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  • 5 Marks

TF – May 2018 – L3 – Q5b – Minerals and mining

Computation of corporate tax payable for AB Ltd in the mining sector.

AB Ltd is a mining company operating at Kyebi in the Eastern Region. The following data is relevant for the last quarter of 2017 year of assessment:


The following additional information is relevant:
i) Royalty has not been computed and paid on the above yet.
ii) Depreciation of an amount of GH¢1,000,000 was part of the cost of operation above.
iii) Proceeds from sale of depreciable assets amounting to GH¢500,000 were added to
revenue above.
iv) Capital allowance agreed with the Mining Unit of Ghana Revenue Authority was agreed
to be GH¢800,000.
Required:
Compute the taxes payable by AB Ltd to Ghana Revenue Authority and comment on any
TWO items as to why you allowed or disallowed it in the tax computation. (5 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AT – April 2022 – L3 – Q4 – Capital allowance | Business income – Corporate income tax

Calculate capital allowance and chargeable income for Joefel Company Ltd. Explain sources of revenue from upstream petroleum operations in Ghana.

a) Joefel Company Ltd, manufacturer of fruit juice for local consumption commenced business on 1 October 2019, with accounting year-end at 31 December each year. The company submitted its accounts for 2019 and was assessed accordingly. The company submitted its tax returns for 2020 year of assessment to the Ghana Revenue Authority on 30 April 2021. Below are the details:

Additional information:
1) Advert and publicity
Radio and television 3,300
Newspaper advert 2,400
Permanent signboard at the company’s entrance in 2020 18,000

2) Installation of plant and others
Installation of plant 21,500
Heavy duty Generator bought in 2019 to support Plant and Machinery 20,500
General maintenance before the use of the plant 18,000

3) Staff Welfare
Staff medical bills 3,700
Safety wear for staff 10,500
Canteen Equipment purchased on 30 November 2020 12,000

4) Donation and Subscription
Goods given as gratis to customs officials 13,000
Donation of goods to SOS Children Village 10,000
Subscription to Association of Ghana Industries 5,000

5) Wages and Salaries
Old staff 120,000
Fresh graduates employed by Joefel Company Ltd. (Fresh graduates
constitute 1% of total workforce) 26,000

6) Other Income
Compensation from a customer for cancellation of a sale order 8,000
Compensation for loss of trading stock of the company 10,000
Compensation for cancellation of purchase order by supplier 5,000

Note 2) above has not been included in the plant and machinery acquired.

Required:

a
i) Compute the appropriate capital allowance for 2019 and 2020 years of assessment.
(8 marks)
ii) Calculate the chargeable income of the company for the 2020 year of assessment.
(6 marks)
b) Explain of the following sources of revenue accruing to the Government of Ghana from the upstream petroleum operations in Ghana:
i) Royalty.
ii) Carried Interest.
iii) Additional Interest.
iv) Additional Oil Entitlement.
(6 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AT – May 2021 – L3 – Q4 – Minerals and mining

Compute the capital allowance and chargeable income for Kanawu Mine Resources Ltd for 2020.

Kanawu Mine Resources Limited was incorporated on 1 January 2017 to mine gold and diamonds at Prestea in the Western region of Ghana. Various reconnaissance and prospecting activities took place from 2017 to 2019. Actual production started on 1 January 2020.

The following were the cost and revenue relative to reconnaissance and prospecting activities and costs from 2017 to 2019:

Activities 2017 (GH¢) 2018 (GH¢) 2019 (GH¢)
Analyzing historical exploration data 250,000 – –
Purchase of motor vehicles 1,000,000 – –
Exploratory drilling and sampling – 2,500,000 –
Purchase of surveying infrastructure 500,000 – –
Construction of office building – 3,700,000 –
Conducting market and finance studies – – 300,000
Renting of office space 400,000 – –
Sinking shafts and underground drifts – – 5,400,000
Purchase of land – 460,000 –
Permanent excavations – 400,000 3,000,000
Constructing roads and tunnels – 2,200,000 1,100,000
Purchase of drilling machines – 700,000 900,000
Purchase of office equipment 50,000 550,000 120,000
Legal fees for acquisition of lease – 130,000 –
Purchase of software – 230,000 –
Removal of overburden and waste rock – – 470,000
Acquisition of rights to explore 300,000 – –
Protocols to chiefs of Prestea 10,000 5,000 23,000
Topographical and geophysical studies 25,000 56,000 –
Geological and geochemical studies 35,000 300,000 –
Sale of surveying software – – (130,000)
Trenching and sampling expenses – 400,000 100,000
Sale of drilling equipment – – (50,000)
Revenue from pre-production gold – – (500,000)

The following transactions took place from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020:

  1. The company received compensation of GH¢3,500,000 from their insurers for destruction of some gold mined.
  2. Mining and processing cost, including wages and salaries incurred during the year, was GH¢120,345,000.
  3. Sales of gold and diamonds: GH¢378,532,900.
  4. Ground rent paid to the Administrator of Stool Lands: GH¢321,500.
  5. Further research and development studies at the cost of GH¢374,300.
  6. Royalties paid to the government: GH¢11,355,987.
  7. Acquisition of a new mineral right: GH¢5,000,000.
  8. Bonus payment for the new mineral right: GH¢300,000.
  9. Legal and other professional fees for the acquisition of the new mineral right: GH¢121,800.
  10. Stope preparation and development cost: GH¢1,021,700.
  11. Business operating permits: GH¢5,563,200 (includes GH¢400,000 provision for 2021).
  12. General and administrative expenses: GH¢190,467,100 (includes GH¢421,600 for a new iron gate).
  13. Selling and distribution costs: GH¢172,554,700.
  14. Finance charge, including interest on loans and bank charges: GH¢211,500,000.

Required:
a) Compute the capital allowance claimable in 2020.
b) Compute the chargeable income and tax payable for the 2020 year of assessment.
c) Comment on the tax treatment of royalty payments and the acquisition of new mineral rights.

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  • 20 Marks

AT – Aug 2022 – L3 – Q4 – Capital Allowance

Calculation of capital allowances, provisional tax, chargeable income, company tax, and additional tax liability for Zimbo Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Zimbo Ltd (Zimbo) specialises in the manufacture of personal hygiene soaps and related
products at their factory in the industrial area of Accra. Zimbo commenced business operations
on 1 April 2020 and had an assessed loss of GH¢112,000 for the period ended 31 December
2020 attributable to large start-up costs in the first period of trading.
Turnover for the year ended 31 December 2021 amounted to GH¢1,980,000 of which
GH¢700,000 relates to export sales. Zimbo is trying to increase its turnover from export sales
through participation in foreign market trade fairs as well as other marketing campaigns. The
gross profit margin for the year ended 31 December 2021 was 60%.
Zimbo recorded a net profit of GH¢315,000 for the year ended 31 December 2021 after taking
into account the following transactions:

Additional information:
i) The gross rental income earned was from leasing one wing of the head office building. The
wing constitutes 10% of the entire building.
ii) The registration of three trademarks, ‘Cleanex’, ‘Perfect’ and ‘Alfresh’ at a total cost of
GH¢30,000 in respect of Zimbo’s personal hygiene soaps that is to last for fifteen years. The
market research expenses incurred in connection with the development of these soaps
amounted to GH¢65,000.
iii) The donation was made to a local government assisted school as part of Zimbo’s corporate
social responsibility programme.
iv) GH¢25,000 of the marketing cost was incurred when the export market Development Manager
attended two trade conventions and one trade mission as part of Zimbo’s efforts to increase its
export sales. The trade mission was duly approved. The remaining GH¢63,000 of costs were
incurred in marketing Zimbo’s soaps to foreign markets.
v) GH¢28,000 of the general costs was incurred in underpinning the office building to strengthen
its foundations against sinking.
vi) The compensation cost was as a result of the production manager incurring an injury while
working on one of the production lines in the factory. The Production Manager was rendered
incapacitated as a result of the incident. Zimbo settled out of court. GH¢250 000 of the costs
relate to a payment made to the Production Manager in full settlement of the case. GH¢50,000
of the GH¢250,000 out-of-court settlement was paid in order to prevent the Production
Manager from setting up a similar business in competition with Zimbo. The remaining
GH¢40,000 of costs represent fines imposed by the Factory Inspectorate Division following
the incident. The production line was also condemned as a result.
vii)The interest paid was incurred in respect of Zimbo’s GH¢200,000 overdraft facility.
GH¢100,000 of the facility was applied towards recurrent expenditure while the other
GH¢100,000 of the facility was applied towards the cost of a new showroom.
viii) Ghana Revenue Authority considers 40% of other expenses to be prohibited for tax purposes.
ix) Zimbo’s projected taxable income for the year ended 31 December 2021 was GH¢360,000.
The Accountant remitted the provisional tax for the three quarterly payment dates (QPDs) on
time but, due to the pressures of year-end work, forgot to submit the return for the final QPD.
The Accountant also omitted the brought forward assessed loss from his computations of the
provisional tax.
x) During the year, a showroom was constructed in close proximity to Zimbo’s factory building.
The showroom is used to display the soaps from the factory as well as for storage purposes
pending shipment to various destinations. The showroom was constructed at a total cost of
GH¢100,000 and was wholly funded by Zimbo’s overdraft facility. The showroom was
brought into use on 1 August 2021. Zimbo has made all tax appropriate elections in connection
with the showroom.
xi) Details of Zimbo’s other fixed assets are provided below. These were all acquired/constructed
during the year to 31 December 2020:

 

Required:
a) Calculate the capital allowances claimable by Zimbo for the year ended 31 December 2021,
assuming all favourable elections are made. (6 marks)
b) Calculate the provisional tax which should have been paid by Zimbo for the year ended 31
December 2021, clearly indicating the due dates and the respective tax amounts. (3 marks)
c) Calculate the chargeable income and company tax payable by Zimbo for the year ended 31
December 2021. (10 marks)
Note: Your calculations should assume that the provisional tax paid was as calculated in
part b) of the question.
d) Compute any other tax liability apart from the company tax. (1 mark)
(Total: 20 marks)

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  • 6 Marks

AT – Nov 2020 – L3 – Q4b – Business income – Corporate income tax

Evaluate the tax implications of financing a vehicle through a finance lease arrangement versus an outright purchase for a mining company.

A mining company in Ghana intends to buy a vehicle (Pajero) for official use under a finance lease arrangement or an outright purchase. The cost profile of the vehicle is as follows:

i) Outright Purchase: Cost at GH¢80,000.

ii) Finance Lease Arrangement: Cost inclusive of interest is GH¢105,000, to be paid over three years. The interest component is GH¢30,000 to be spread over the three years.

Required:
Determine which of the options you would advise to be adopted.

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  • 12 Marks

AT – Nov 2020 – L3 – Q4a – Business income, Corporate income tax

Compute the tax payable by Kaka Ltd for the 2019 year of assessment, including capital allowances, fresh graduate incentives, and royalties.

Kaka Ltd is a mining company that has been operating in Ghana for some time now. The following relates to Kaka Ltd’s 2019 year of assessment:

Description Amount (GH¢)
Revenue 10,200,000
Cost 4,000,000
Profit 6,200,000

The following additional information is relevant and has been adjusted in arriving at the profit stated above:

  1. Depreciation, depletion, and amortization: GH¢2,000,000.
  2. Cost incurred in overburden stripping and shaft sinking during production to improve access amounted to GH¢800,000.
  3. Contribution towards a worthwhile cause is GH¢10,000. This was in support of a hole-in-heart child, duly acknowledged by the Ghana Health Service.
  4. Royalty of GH¢80,000 was paid without recourse to the revenue from production.

Additional information:

  • An asset (Capital Asset) acquired in 2016 for GH¢1,000,000 was sold for GH¢200,000 in 2019.
  • Capital allowance (written down value brought forward) on the assets as of 31 December 2018 was GH¢4,000,000.
  • 10 fresh graduates were recruited in the 2019 year of assessment; 4 of them completed universities in the USA, while the others completed the University for Development Studies in Ghana. They were paid GH¢120,000 as salaries. The total workforce for 2019 was 60 employees.

Required: i) Compute the tax payable by Kaka Ltd.
(10 marks)

ii) The mining company indicated that it had an idle cash of GH¢100,000. If it adds it to its working capital, an additional income of GH¢10,000 would accrue but with an option to purchase Treasury Bills, the interest would remain at GH¢10,000.

Required:
Advise Management on the tax implication of the proposed investment.
(2 marks)

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