Topic: Associates and joint ventures

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CR – May 2018 – L3 – SB – Q2 – Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28

Calculate and interpret key financial ratios for Wole-Adura Group and evaluate liquidity.

Set out below are the draft accounts of Wole-Adura Plc and subsidiaries and of Maseru Associates. Wole-Adura acquired 40% of the equity capital of Maseru Associates three years ago when the latter’s retained earnings stood at N140m.

Abridged statement of financial position

Wole-Adura Plc & Subsidiaries Maseru Associates
Property, plant, and equipment 990 Nm
Investment in Maseru Associates at cost 290 Nm
Loan to Maseru Associates 70 Nm
Current assets 450 Nm
Loan from Wole-Adura Plc.
Total Assets 1800 Nm

FINANCED BY:

| Ordinary shares of 50k each | 1,125 Nm | 350 Nm | | Retained earnings | 675 Nm | 350 Nm | | Total Equity | 1800 Nm | 700 Nm |

Abridged statements of profit or loss

Wole-Adura Plc & Subsidiaries Maseru Associates
Profit before tax 427.50 Nm
Tax expense (157.50 Nm)
Profit after tax 270.00 Nm

Additional information:

(i) Wole-Adura proposed a dividend of N225m.
(ii) Total market capitalisation is N5,625m.


Required:

(a) Calculate each of these ratios for Wole-Adura Plc. and subsidiaries:

  1. Earnings per share
  2. Dividend cover
  3. Earnings yield
  4. Dividend yield

(4 Marks)

(b)

  1. Using the equity method, compute the earnings of the group incorporating the associates. (4 Marks)
  2. Compute the ratios in (a) above for the group. (4 Marks)

(c) Comment on the ratios calculated in (a) and (b) above by pairwise comparison. (3 Marks)

(d) Extracts from the financial statements of Ikoku Plc. recently published are as follows:

Statement of profit or loss for the year ended December 31, 2017

2017 2016
Revenue 360 Nm
Cost of sales (150 Nm)
Gross profit 210 Nm
Operating expenses (50 Nm)
Operating profit 160 Nm
Interest expense (10 Nm)
Tax expense (60 Nm)
Profit for the year 90 Nm

Statement of financial position as at December 31, 2017

2017 2016
Non-current assets
Property, plant & equipment 80 Nm
Current assets
Inventory 200 Nm
Trade receivables 70 Nm
Bank (50 Nm)
Total assets 300 Nm

Equity & liabilities

| Ordinary shares of N1 each | 60 Nm | 40 Nm | | Current liabilities | | | Trade payables | 190 Nm | 60 Nm | | Current tax | 50 Nm | 15 Nm | | Total liabilities and equity | 300 Nm | 115 Nm |

Required:

Discuss the liquidity challenges of Ikoku Plc. during the year ended December 31, 2017, from the extracts of the published financial statements. (5 Marks)

(Total 20 Marks)

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FR – May 2015 – L2 – SB – Q6 – Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28)

Explain the equity method, conditions for discontinuation, and evaluate types of audit evidence.

(a) IAS 28 – Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures permits the application of the equity method when accounting for investments in associates and joint ventures.

Required:
Explain briefly the Equity Method and state the circumstances under which an entity can discontinue the use of the equity method under IAS 28. (5 Marks)


(b) Agbantara Plc. acquired equity shares from Odinma Plc. and Dangari Limited. The following are the Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income for the year ended 31 December 2014 for the three companies:

Company Agbantara Plc. Odinma Plc. Dangari Ltd
Revenue N4,500 N1,350 N630
Cost of Sales (N2,430) (N720) (N270)
Gross Profit N2,070 N630 N360
Admin Expenses (N1,350) (N180) (N135)
Finance Income N135 N90
Finance Costs (N180) (N90)
Profit Before Tax N675 N540 N135
Income Tax Expense (N225) (N135) (N45)
Profit for the Year N450 N405 N90

Other Comprehensive Income:

  • Gains on Property Revaluation (Net of Tax):
    • Agbantara Plc: N180
    • Odinma Plc: N90
    • Dangari Ltd: N45

Total Comprehensive Income for the Year:

  • Agbantara Plc: N630
  • Odinma Plc: N495
  • Dangari Ltd: N135

Additional Information:
(i) Agbantara Plc. acquired 72 million ordinary shares in Odinma Plc. out of its 120 million ordinary shares at a nominal par value of N1 each for N160 million. The shares were acquired four years ago when Odinma Plc. had a N15 million credit balance in retained earnings. During the year, Odinma Plc. sold goods costing N38 million to Agbantara Plc. for N45 million, which remain unsold at year-end.
(ii) Agbantara Plc. acquired 35,000,000 ordinary shares in Dangari Limited out of 100,000,000 ordinary shares. The shares were acquired three years ago when the company had a credit balance on its retained
earnings of N10,000,000.
(iii) Agbantara Plc’s group policy is to measure non-controlling interests (NCI) at fair value. NCI at acquisition date in Odinma Plc. at fair value was N48,000,000. Impairment test carried out on the goodwill relating to Odinma Plc. and investment in Dangari Limited at year end resulted in N10,000,000 and N15,000,000 losses respectively.

Required:
Calculate Agbantara Plc.’s share of profits from Odinma Plc., considering the unrealized profit. (5 Marks)

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FR – May 2019 – L2 – Q1c – Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28)

Explain the accounting treatment of an associate's results in separate and consolidated accounts.

Abuja Plc, a company with a subsidiary, acquired 7,500,000 shares out of the 30 million ₦1 ordinary shares in Abaji Ltd for ₦15 million on 1 January 2018. In the year to 31 December 2018, Abaji Ltd earned a profit after tax of ₦6 million, from which it declared a dividend of ₦1,500,000.

Required:
Explain how Abaji Limited’s result should be accounted for in the separate and consolidated accounts of Abuja Plc for the year ended 31 December 2018.

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CR – July 2023 – L3 – Q2a – Associates and joint ventures

Classify the investment, advise on derecognition of assets, and explain the treatment of cryptocurrency under relevant IFRS standards.

Digital Ghana Ltd has agreed to work with Pixel Ghana Ltd in order to develop a new musical platform for the Ghana Musician Association. On 31 December 2021, the companies established a new entity called Flowbeat Ltd with equal shareholdings and share in profit. Digital Ghana Ltd has contributed its own intellectual property in the form of employee expertise, cryptocurrency with a carrying amount of GH¢6 million, which now has a fair value of GH¢8 million, and an office building with a carrying amount of GH¢12 million with a fair value of GH¢20 million. The cryptocurrency has been recorded at cost in Digital Ghana Ltd.’s financial statements.

Pixel Ghana Ltd has contributed the technology and marketing expertise required for the smooth operations of Flowbeat Ltd. The board of Flowbeat Ltd will comprise of directors appointed equally by Digital Ghana Ltd and Pixel Ghana Ltd. Decisions are made by a unanimous vote.

Required:
In accordance with the provisions of relevant International Financial Reporting Standards:

i) Advise on the classification of the investment which Digital Ghana Ltd has in Flowbeat Ltd.
(3 marks)

ii) Advise on the derecognition of the assets exchanged for the investment in Flowbeat Ltd and any resulting gain/loss on disposal in the financial statements of Digital Ghana Ltd at 31 December 2021.
(2 marks)

iii) Advise whether the cryptocurrency should be classified as a financial asset or an intangible asset.
(2 marks)

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CR – May 2018 – L3 – SB – Q2 – Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28

Calculate and interpret key financial ratios for Wole-Adura Group and evaluate liquidity.

Set out below are the draft accounts of Wole-Adura Plc and subsidiaries and of Maseru Associates. Wole-Adura acquired 40% of the equity capital of Maseru Associates three years ago when the latter’s retained earnings stood at N140m.

Abridged statement of financial position

Wole-Adura Plc & Subsidiaries Maseru Associates
Property, plant, and equipment 990 Nm
Investment in Maseru Associates at cost 290 Nm
Loan to Maseru Associates 70 Nm
Current assets 450 Nm
Loan from Wole-Adura Plc.
Total Assets 1800 Nm

FINANCED BY:

| Ordinary shares of 50k each | 1,125 Nm | 350 Nm | | Retained earnings | 675 Nm | 350 Nm | | Total Equity | 1800 Nm | 700 Nm |

Abridged statements of profit or loss

Wole-Adura Plc & Subsidiaries Maseru Associates
Profit before tax 427.50 Nm
Tax expense (157.50 Nm)
Profit after tax 270.00 Nm

Additional information:

(i) Wole-Adura proposed a dividend of N225m.
(ii) Total market capitalisation is N5,625m.


Required:

(a) Calculate each of these ratios for Wole-Adura Plc. and subsidiaries:

  1. Earnings per share
  2. Dividend cover
  3. Earnings yield
  4. Dividend yield

(4 Marks)

(b)

  1. Using the equity method, compute the earnings of the group incorporating the associates. (4 Marks)
  2. Compute the ratios in (a) above for the group. (4 Marks)

(c) Comment on the ratios calculated in (a) and (b) above by pairwise comparison. (3 Marks)

(d) Extracts from the financial statements of Ikoku Plc. recently published are as follows:

Statement of profit or loss for the year ended December 31, 2017

2017 2016
Revenue 360 Nm
Cost of sales (150 Nm)
Gross profit 210 Nm
Operating expenses (50 Nm)
Operating profit 160 Nm
Interest expense (10 Nm)
Tax expense (60 Nm)
Profit for the year 90 Nm

Statement of financial position as at December 31, 2017

2017 2016
Non-current assets
Property, plant & equipment 80 Nm
Current assets
Inventory 200 Nm
Trade receivables 70 Nm
Bank (50 Nm)
Total assets 300 Nm

Equity & liabilities

| Ordinary shares of N1 each | 60 Nm | 40 Nm | | Current liabilities | | | Trade payables | 190 Nm | 60 Nm | | Current tax | 50 Nm | 15 Nm | | Total liabilities and equity | 300 Nm | 115 Nm |

Required:

Discuss the liquidity challenges of Ikoku Plc. during the year ended December 31, 2017, from the extracts of the published financial statements. (5 Marks)

(Total 20 Marks)

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FR – May 2015 – L2 – SB – Q6 – Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28)

Explain the equity method, conditions for discontinuation, and evaluate types of audit evidence.

(a) IAS 28 – Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures permits the application of the equity method when accounting for investments in associates and joint ventures.

Required:
Explain briefly the Equity Method and state the circumstances under which an entity can discontinue the use of the equity method under IAS 28. (5 Marks)


(b) Agbantara Plc. acquired equity shares from Odinma Plc. and Dangari Limited. The following are the Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income for the year ended 31 December 2014 for the three companies:

Company Agbantara Plc. Odinma Plc. Dangari Ltd
Revenue N4,500 N1,350 N630
Cost of Sales (N2,430) (N720) (N270)
Gross Profit N2,070 N630 N360
Admin Expenses (N1,350) (N180) (N135)
Finance Income N135 N90
Finance Costs (N180) (N90)
Profit Before Tax N675 N540 N135
Income Tax Expense (N225) (N135) (N45)
Profit for the Year N450 N405 N90

Other Comprehensive Income:

  • Gains on Property Revaluation (Net of Tax):
    • Agbantara Plc: N180
    • Odinma Plc: N90
    • Dangari Ltd: N45

Total Comprehensive Income for the Year:

  • Agbantara Plc: N630
  • Odinma Plc: N495
  • Dangari Ltd: N135

Additional Information:
(i) Agbantara Plc. acquired 72 million ordinary shares in Odinma Plc. out of its 120 million ordinary shares at a nominal par value of N1 each for N160 million. The shares were acquired four years ago when Odinma Plc. had a N15 million credit balance in retained earnings. During the year, Odinma Plc. sold goods costing N38 million to Agbantara Plc. for N45 million, which remain unsold at year-end.
(ii) Agbantara Plc. acquired 35,000,000 ordinary shares in Dangari Limited out of 100,000,000 ordinary shares. The shares were acquired three years ago when the company had a credit balance on its retained
earnings of N10,000,000.
(iii) Agbantara Plc’s group policy is to measure non-controlling interests (NCI) at fair value. NCI at acquisition date in Odinma Plc. at fair value was N48,000,000. Impairment test carried out on the goodwill relating to Odinma Plc. and investment in Dangari Limited at year end resulted in N10,000,000 and N15,000,000 losses respectively.

Required:
Calculate Agbantara Plc.’s share of profits from Odinma Plc., considering the unrealized profit. (5 Marks)

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FR – May 2019 – L2 – Q1c – Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28)

Explain the accounting treatment of an associate's results in separate and consolidated accounts.

Abuja Plc, a company with a subsidiary, acquired 7,500,000 shares out of the 30 million ₦1 ordinary shares in Abaji Ltd for ₦15 million on 1 January 2018. In the year to 31 December 2018, Abaji Ltd earned a profit after tax of ₦6 million, from which it declared a dividend of ₦1,500,000.

Required:
Explain how Abaji Limited’s result should be accounted for in the separate and consolidated accounts of Abuja Plc for the year ended 31 December 2018.

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CR – July 2023 – L3 – Q2a – Associates and joint ventures

Classify the investment, advise on derecognition of assets, and explain the treatment of cryptocurrency under relevant IFRS standards.

Digital Ghana Ltd has agreed to work with Pixel Ghana Ltd in order to develop a new musical platform for the Ghana Musician Association. On 31 December 2021, the companies established a new entity called Flowbeat Ltd with equal shareholdings and share in profit. Digital Ghana Ltd has contributed its own intellectual property in the form of employee expertise, cryptocurrency with a carrying amount of GH¢6 million, which now has a fair value of GH¢8 million, and an office building with a carrying amount of GH¢12 million with a fair value of GH¢20 million. The cryptocurrency has been recorded at cost in Digital Ghana Ltd.’s financial statements.

Pixel Ghana Ltd has contributed the technology and marketing expertise required for the smooth operations of Flowbeat Ltd. The board of Flowbeat Ltd will comprise of directors appointed equally by Digital Ghana Ltd and Pixel Ghana Ltd. Decisions are made by a unanimous vote.

Required:
In accordance with the provisions of relevant International Financial Reporting Standards:

i) Advise on the classification of the investment which Digital Ghana Ltd has in Flowbeat Ltd.
(3 marks)

ii) Advise on the derecognition of the assets exchanged for the investment in Flowbeat Ltd and any resulting gain/loss on disposal in the financial statements of Digital Ghana Ltd at 31 December 2021.
(2 marks)

iii) Advise whether the cryptocurrency should be classified as a financial asset or an intangible asset.
(2 marks)

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