Question Tag: Substantive Testing

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AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q5b – Substantive Testing of Accounts Receivable

Explain three substantive tests for verifying accounts receivable balance.

Baaba & Associates, an audit firm, is conducting a year-end audit of Rashida LTD. The audit team is particularly concerned about the accuracy of the accounts receivable balance reported on the statement of financial position as of December 31, 2023. Therefore, as part of their audit procedures, they need to perform substantive tests to identify any material misstatements, errors, or fraud that could impact the accuracy of the financial statements.

Required:
Explain THREE substantive tests that the audit team at Baaba & Associates should perform to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the accuracy of Rashida LTD’s accounts receivable balance.

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AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q3b – Audit Assertions for the Income Statement

Explain two key audit assertions for the income statement.

Audit assertions are claims made by management regarding the accuracy and completeness of various elements of financial statements. These assertions are used by auditors to develop audit procedures and gather evidence to support their audit opinion. Assertions are categorised into those related to the income statement and those related to the statement of financial position.

Required:
Explain TWO key Audit Assertions for the Income Statement.

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AAA – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q4a – Audit of IT Systems and Data Analytics

Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of test data and audit software for compliance and substantive testing.

You have been appointed as the Auditor of a company whose accounting transactions are processed using a computer. You have decided to use Computer-Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs) to generate evidence for the audit assignment.

Required:
i. State FOUR advantages and THREE disadvantages of using test data in compliance testing of application controls. (7 Marks)
ii. List FOUR activities for which audit software may be used to perform substantive tests by the auditor. (4 Marks)
iii. List TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of the use of audit software. (4 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SA – Q17 – Audit Reporting

Identifies the technique involving ratios and statistical analysis to obtain audit evidence.

The computation of ratios and trends and the use of statistical formula to obtain audit evidence is:

  • A. Hot review
  • B. Audit sampling
  • C. Substantive test
  • D. Analytical review
  • E. Audit review

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AAA – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q3 – Audit Completion and Final Review

Training new associates on procedures for gathering and assessing audit evidence

You are the auditor in charge of the audit of Big Bank Plc. Two new associates who recently joined the firm have been assigned to your team, and you need to provide them on-the-job training on the audit process. The training should focus on audit evidence and testing procedures for gathering audit evidence.

Required:

a. Explain six procedures for gathering audit evidence. (6 Marks)

b. Explain to members of your team the terms “sufficient” and “appropriate” audit evidence. (2 Marks)

c. Explain four principles that an auditor uses in assessing the reliability of audit evidence in line with ISA 500. (4 Marks)

d. You have allocated the following audit areas to the two new associates on your team:

  • i. Bank and cash balances; and
  • ii. Payroll.

Identify the audit procedures that you will discuss with your team members for substantive testing of the audit areas mentioned above. (8 Marks)

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AA – May 2017 – L2 – SC – Q7 – Audit-related services

Examination of analytical comparisons, precautions in substantive testing, and limitations of ratio analysis in auditing.

One essential feature of analytical procedures in auditing is ‘comparison’. The auditor will calculate key relationships between figures (non-financial figures as well as financial figures) and then make comparisons.

You are required to:

  1. (a) Identify FOUR areas of comparison when using analytical procedures and explain their purpose. You could tabulate your answers. (8 Marks)
  2. (b) List FOUR precautionary steps the Auditor is required to take before using analytical procedures in substantive testing. (4 Marks)
  3. (c) Describe THREE limitations of ratio analysis in its use in substantive testing. (3 Marks)

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AA – May 2018 – L2 – Q2 – Audit Evidence

This question addresses the auditor’s determination of sufficient and reliable audit evidence as required by ISA 500.

The auditor is required by ISA 500 to design and perform appropriate audit procedures for obtaining sufficient and appropriate audit evidence.

Required: a. Explain briefly THREE factors that an auditor will consider in determining what constitutes sufficient audit evidence. (6 Marks) b. Explain briefly TWO principles that would assist an auditor in assessing the reliability of the audit evidence. (4 Marks) c. Describe FOUR principles that would assist an auditor in assessing the relevance of audit evidence. (10 Marks)

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AA – May 2018 – L2 – Q1 – Audit Evidence

This question focuses on substantive procedures to verify additions and disposals of non-current assets and statutory books to be audited.

The following figures were supplied by a small business client to your firm regarding its non-current assets for the year ended 31 December 2016:

Generating Plant (N) Equipment & Fittings (N) Furniture (N) Motor Vehicles (N)
Opening Balance 400,000 3,637,000 247,000 1,450,000
Additions 530,000
Disposal (400,000)
Closing Balance 400,000 4,167,000 247,000 1,050,000

Depreciation:

Generating Plant (N) Equipment & Fittings (N) Furniture (N) Motor Vehicles (N)
Opening Balance 160,000 873,000 59,800 859,000
Charge for the Year 80,000 416,700 24,700 260,000
Charge on Disposal (236,966)
Closing Balance 240,000 1,289,700 84,500 882,034

Required:

  1. Identify FIVE substantive procedures you will carry out to verify additions to the assets in 2016. (10 Marks)
  2. Explain FIVE substantive procedures for verifying disposal of assets during the year. (10 Marks)
  3. Explain briefly FOUR of the statutory books that the auditor is required to audit in the course of his audit engagement in an entity. (10 Marks)

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AA – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q3a – Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question asks for four substantive testing methods that could detect fraud in the accounts payable balance.

Automech Ltd is a manufacturer of automotive parts based in Ghana. The company’s accountant has been manipulating the accounts payable balance by teeming and lading to misrepresent the financial position of the company. The accountant has been recording fictitious invoices and payments to suppliers to increase the accounts payable balance and misrepresent the company’s expenses.

The external auditor, who was engaged to audit the financial statements of the company, performed substantive testing for transaction cycles and verification procedures for assets, liabilities, and equity items. However, the auditor failed to identify the risk of teeming and lading in the accounts payable balance.

During the audit, the auditor reviewed the accounts payable balance and performed confirmation procedures to verify the balance with the suppliers. However, the accountant had provided the auditor with fake confirmation responses, and the auditor failed to detect the fraud.

Although the financial statements of Automech Ltd were misstated, the Auditor issued an unqualified opinion, stating that the financial statements were presented fairly, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework. After the audit, the fraud was discovered by a whistle-blower, and the accountant was fired. The company’s reputation was damaged, and the external auditor faced legal action for failing to detect the fraud.

Required:
State and explain FOUR (4) substantive testing that would have detected the fraud being perpetuated by the Accountant.
(10 marks)

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AA – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q2e – Audit and Assurance Evidence

List factors to consider when relying on the results of analytical procedures as substantive audit procedures.

ISA 520 Analytical procedures provides guidance to auditors on the use of analytical procedures during the course of the external audit.

Required:
When using analytical procedures as substantive audit procedures, list and briefly explain with examples THREE factors to consider when determining the extent of reliance that can be placed on the results of such procedures. (6 marks

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AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q5b – Substantive Testing of Accounts Receivable

Explain three substantive tests for verifying accounts receivable balance.

Baaba & Associates, an audit firm, is conducting a year-end audit of Rashida LTD. The audit team is particularly concerned about the accuracy of the accounts receivable balance reported on the statement of financial position as of December 31, 2023. Therefore, as part of their audit procedures, they need to perform substantive tests to identify any material misstatements, errors, or fraud that could impact the accuracy of the financial statements.

Required:
Explain THREE substantive tests that the audit team at Baaba & Associates should perform to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the accuracy of Rashida LTD’s accounts receivable balance.

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AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q3b – Audit Assertions for the Income Statement

Explain two key audit assertions for the income statement.

Audit assertions are claims made by management regarding the accuracy and completeness of various elements of financial statements. These assertions are used by auditors to develop audit procedures and gather evidence to support their audit opinion. Assertions are categorised into those related to the income statement and those related to the statement of financial position.

Required:
Explain TWO key Audit Assertions for the Income Statement.

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AAA – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q4a – Audit of IT Systems and Data Analytics

Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of test data and audit software for compliance and substantive testing.

You have been appointed as the Auditor of a company whose accounting transactions are processed using a computer. You have decided to use Computer-Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs) to generate evidence for the audit assignment.

Required:
i. State FOUR advantages and THREE disadvantages of using test data in compliance testing of application controls. (7 Marks)
ii. List FOUR activities for which audit software may be used to perform substantive tests by the auditor. (4 Marks)
iii. List TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of the use of audit software. (4 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SA – Q17 – Audit Reporting

Identifies the technique involving ratios and statistical analysis to obtain audit evidence.

The computation of ratios and trends and the use of statistical formula to obtain audit evidence is:

  • A. Hot review
  • B. Audit sampling
  • C. Substantive test
  • D. Analytical review
  • E. Audit review

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AAA – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q3 – Audit Completion and Final Review

Training new associates on procedures for gathering and assessing audit evidence

You are the auditor in charge of the audit of Big Bank Plc. Two new associates who recently joined the firm have been assigned to your team, and you need to provide them on-the-job training on the audit process. The training should focus on audit evidence and testing procedures for gathering audit evidence.

Required:

a. Explain six procedures for gathering audit evidence. (6 Marks)

b. Explain to members of your team the terms “sufficient” and “appropriate” audit evidence. (2 Marks)

c. Explain four principles that an auditor uses in assessing the reliability of audit evidence in line with ISA 500. (4 Marks)

d. You have allocated the following audit areas to the two new associates on your team:

  • i. Bank and cash balances; and
  • ii. Payroll.

Identify the audit procedures that you will discuss with your team members for substantive testing of the audit areas mentioned above. (8 Marks)

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AA – May 2017 – L2 – SC – Q7 – Audit-related services

Examination of analytical comparisons, precautions in substantive testing, and limitations of ratio analysis in auditing.

One essential feature of analytical procedures in auditing is ‘comparison’. The auditor will calculate key relationships between figures (non-financial figures as well as financial figures) and then make comparisons.

You are required to:

  1. (a) Identify FOUR areas of comparison when using analytical procedures and explain their purpose. You could tabulate your answers. (8 Marks)
  2. (b) List FOUR precautionary steps the Auditor is required to take before using analytical procedures in substantive testing. (4 Marks)
  3. (c) Describe THREE limitations of ratio analysis in its use in substantive testing. (3 Marks)

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AA – May 2018 – L2 – Q2 – Audit Evidence

This question addresses the auditor’s determination of sufficient and reliable audit evidence as required by ISA 500.

The auditor is required by ISA 500 to design and perform appropriate audit procedures for obtaining sufficient and appropriate audit evidence.

Required: a. Explain briefly THREE factors that an auditor will consider in determining what constitutes sufficient audit evidence. (6 Marks) b. Explain briefly TWO principles that would assist an auditor in assessing the reliability of the audit evidence. (4 Marks) c. Describe FOUR principles that would assist an auditor in assessing the relevance of audit evidence. (10 Marks)

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AA – May 2018 – L2 – Q1 – Audit Evidence

This question focuses on substantive procedures to verify additions and disposals of non-current assets and statutory books to be audited.

The following figures were supplied by a small business client to your firm regarding its non-current assets for the year ended 31 December 2016:

Generating Plant (N) Equipment & Fittings (N) Furniture (N) Motor Vehicles (N)
Opening Balance 400,000 3,637,000 247,000 1,450,000
Additions 530,000
Disposal (400,000)
Closing Balance 400,000 4,167,000 247,000 1,050,000

Depreciation:

Generating Plant (N) Equipment & Fittings (N) Furniture (N) Motor Vehicles (N)
Opening Balance 160,000 873,000 59,800 859,000
Charge for the Year 80,000 416,700 24,700 260,000
Charge on Disposal (236,966)
Closing Balance 240,000 1,289,700 84,500 882,034

Required:

  1. Identify FIVE substantive procedures you will carry out to verify additions to the assets in 2016. (10 Marks)
  2. Explain FIVE substantive procedures for verifying disposal of assets during the year. (10 Marks)
  3. Explain briefly FOUR of the statutory books that the auditor is required to audit in the course of his audit engagement in an entity. (10 Marks)

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AA – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q3a – Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question asks for four substantive testing methods that could detect fraud in the accounts payable balance.

Automech Ltd is a manufacturer of automotive parts based in Ghana. The company’s accountant has been manipulating the accounts payable balance by teeming and lading to misrepresent the financial position of the company. The accountant has been recording fictitious invoices and payments to suppliers to increase the accounts payable balance and misrepresent the company’s expenses.

The external auditor, who was engaged to audit the financial statements of the company, performed substantive testing for transaction cycles and verification procedures for assets, liabilities, and equity items. However, the auditor failed to identify the risk of teeming and lading in the accounts payable balance.

During the audit, the auditor reviewed the accounts payable balance and performed confirmation procedures to verify the balance with the suppliers. However, the accountant had provided the auditor with fake confirmation responses, and the auditor failed to detect the fraud.

Although the financial statements of Automech Ltd were misstated, the Auditor issued an unqualified opinion, stating that the financial statements were presented fairly, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework. After the audit, the fraud was discovered by a whistle-blower, and the accountant was fired. The company’s reputation was damaged, and the external auditor faced legal action for failing to detect the fraud.

Required:
State and explain FOUR (4) substantive testing that would have detected the fraud being perpetuated by the Accountant.
(10 marks)

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AA – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q2e – Audit and Assurance Evidence

List factors to consider when relying on the results of analytical procedures as substantive audit procedures.

ISA 520 Analytical procedures provides guidance to auditors on the use of analytical procedures during the course of the external audit.

Required:
When using analytical procedures as substantive audit procedures, list and briefly explain with examples THREE factors to consider when determining the extent of reliance that can be placed on the results of such procedures. (6 marks

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