Loan Interest – NBC Institute

FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader

Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader from given financial data and adjustments.

Question

The following list of assets, liabilities, and equity as at 30 June 2023 was extracted from the books of Akuorkor, a sole trader:

Trial Balance as at 30 June 2023

Item	GH¢
Plant and equipment – cost	100,000
Accumulated depreciation – Plant & Equipment	36,000
Office fixtures – cost	25,000
Accumulated depreciation – Office Fixtures	2,500
Inventory	15,250
Trade receivables and prepayments	17,500
Trade payables and accrued expenses	8,800
Bank overdraft	4,425
Loan (10% interest per annum)	47,500
Capital	58,525

Summary of Receipts and Payments for the Year Ended 30 June 2024

Receipts	GH¢
Capital introduced	11,000
Cash from customers	213,750
Total Receipts	224,750

Payments	GH¢
Cash drawings (Note 5)	11,225
Loan repayments (Note 7)	10,000
Payment to suppliers	87,800
Rent	11,000
Wages	45,000
Office expenses	6,250
Total Payments	171,275

Additional Information:

Closing inventory on 30 June 2024 was GH¢13,925.
Depreciation policies:
- Plant & Equipment: 20% per annum reducing balance.
- Office Equipment: 10% per annum on cost.
- Fixtures & Fittings: Straight-line method over 4 years with a full year’s charge in the year of acquisition.
GH¢2,500 worth of fixtures & fittings was introduced into the business.
Prepayments and accrued expenses as at 30 June 2023:
- Rent paid in advance: GH¢1,250
- Accrued wages: GH¢2,150
Cash drawings included:
- Wages: GH¢3,375
- Payments to suppliers: GH¢2,100
- Advertising leaflets: GH¢1,300 (Half not yet distributed).
Bank balance per statement: GH¢53,350 after adjusting for unpresented cheques.
Loan repayments include GH¢4,750 in interest payments.
Assets and liabilities as at 30 June 2024:
- Rent paid in advance: GH¢1,350
- Accrued wages: GH¢2,625
- Amounts due to suppliers: GH¢6,100
- Amounts due from customers: GH¢11,150
Major customer went into liquidation owing GH¢8,000; only 20% recoverable.

Required:

Prepare:
i) Statement of Profit or Loss for Akuorkor for the year ended 30 June 2024.
ii) Statement of Financial Position as at 30 June 2024.

Answer

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Tags: Accruals and Prepayments, Depreciation, Inventory, Loan Interest, Sole Trader, Statement of Financial Position, Statement of Profit or Loss
Level: Level 1

Topic: Preparation of financial statements of a sole trader
Series: Nov 2024

TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

Computation of interest deductible under section 24 of CITA 2004 and treatment of excess interest for XYZ Limited.

Question

XYZ Limited was incorporated on August 31, 2012, and it commenced business on May 31, 2013. Diki (Malaysia) Limited is its subsidiary in Malaysia. An extract of the financial statements of XYZ Limited for the year ended December 31, 2020, revealed the following:

Assessable profit: N2,000,000

Interests and depreciation deducted before arriving at the assessable profit are:

Interest on loan paid to Diki (Malaysia) Limited: N1,050,000
Interest on loan paid to other creditors: N1,000,000
Depreciation: N400,000

It was discovered that N450,000 of the loan paid to other creditors was in respect of a loan obtained to generate tax-exempt profits.

The Managing Director of XYZ Limited has asked you as a tax consultant to explain the provisions of section 24 of CITA 2004 (as amended) and the Seventh Schedule in respect of the interest deductible by a Nigerian company.

Required:
a. Compute the interest deductible in the relevant assessment year. (16 Marks)
b. Explain how the excess interest not deducted in the relevant assessment year would be treated. (4 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Companies Income Tax, Excess Interest, Interest Deduction, Loan Interest
Level: Level 2

Topic: Companies Income Tax (CIT)
Series: NOV 2021

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

Question

Miss Opeyemi Olunba is a young engineer who has been working in an oil sector for
over 5 years. She currently earns a gross salary of N10,000,000 per annum. She
recently attended two interviews for a new job at Joke Oil & Gas in Rivers State and
Dabiri Hotels & Suite in Lagos State.
She has been called by the two companies to assume office on April 1, 2021. The
following salaries and allowances were offered by the two companies:

Additional information:

If Miss Opeyemi accepts the offer from Joke Oil & Gas, she will rent out her Lagos apartment for N20,000,000 per annum but will need a loan of N12,000,000 at 20% interest to modify the apartment.
She will pay rent of N5,000,000 in Port Harcourt if she relocates.
She maintains her child, a student at St. John University,
She also supports her parents.
She pays a life assurance premium of N5,000,000 annually.
Her employers will deduct contributions for the National Housing Fund (N5,000,000) and Pension Fund (N3,000,000).
She also pays National Health Insurance Premium (N1,000,000).

Required:

a. Compute Miss Opeyemi’s personal income tax liability for the relevant year of assessment for both offers.
b. Advise her on which employment will give her a higher income after tax.

Answer

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Tags: Allowances, Employment Income, Loan Interest, Personal income tax, Tax deductions
Level: Level 2

Topic: Personal Income Tax
Series: NOV 2021

FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements

Prepare the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for a limited liability company using the provided trial balance and adjustments.

Question

The following trial balance relates to Pakro Ltd at 31 July 2022:

The following matters remain to be adjusted for in preparing the financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2022:

The cost of inventory of GHȼ 38,400 for the year ended 31 July 2022 was based on an inventory count on 4 August 2022. Between 31 July 2022 and 4 August 2022, the following transactions took place:

Item	GHȼ
Purchases of goods	8,000
Sales of goods (profit margin 20% on sales)	12,000
Goods returned by Pakro Ltd to a supplier	800

Trade receivables totaling GHȼ24,000 are to be written off and allowance for receivables is to be adjusted to GHȼ8,000. The irrecoverable debt expense is to be included in administrative expenses.
Pakro Ltd receives rent for subletting part of its building. The rent, which is receivable quarterly in advance, was received as follows:

Date of receipt	Period covered	GHȼ
1 July 2021	3 months to 30 September 2021	7,200
1 October 2021	3 months to 31 December 2021	7,200
30 December 2021	3 months to 31 March 2022	9,000
4 April 2022	3 months to 30 June 2022	9,000
1 July 2022	3 months to 30 September 2022	9,000

The loan of GHȼ60,000 was taken out on 1 January 2022 with annual interest of 12%. The interest is payable in equal instalments on the first day of April, July, October, and January in arrears. The loan is repayable in full during the financial year ended 31 July 2026.
Depreciation is to be provided for as follows:
- Buildings 2.5% per year on cost
- Plant and equipment 25% per year on cost
- 70% of the depreciation is to be charged in cost of sales, and 15% each in distribution costs and administrative expenses.
Current year income tax charged was GHȼ18,105.

Required:

a) Prepare the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year ended 31 July 2022. (10 marks)
b) Prepare the Statement of Financial Position as at 31 July 2022. (10 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Depreciation, Financial Statements, Income Statement, Inventory Adjustment, Loan Interest, Rent Income, Statement of Financial Position, Trial Balance
Level: Level 1

Topic: Preparation of limited liability company financial statements
Series: JULY 2023

FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader

Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader from given financial data and adjustments.

Question

The following list of assets, liabilities, and equity as at 30 June 2023 was extracted from the books of Akuorkor, a sole trader:

Trial Balance as at 30 June 2023

Item	GH¢
Plant and equipment – cost	100,000
Accumulated depreciation – Plant & Equipment	36,000
Office fixtures – cost	25,000
Accumulated depreciation – Office Fixtures	2,500
Inventory	15,250
Trade receivables and prepayments	17,500
Trade payables and accrued expenses	8,800
Bank overdraft	4,425
Loan (10% interest per annum)	47,500
Capital	58,525

Summary of Receipts and Payments for the Year Ended 30 June 2024

Receipts	GH¢
Capital introduced	11,000
Cash from customers	213,750
Total Receipts	224,750

Payments	GH¢
Cash drawings (Note 5)	11,225
Loan repayments (Note 7)	10,000
Payment to suppliers	87,800
Rent	11,000
Wages	45,000
Office expenses	6,250
Total Payments	171,275

Additional Information:

Closing inventory on 30 June 2024 was GH¢13,925.
Depreciation policies:
- Plant & Equipment: 20% per annum reducing balance.
- Office Equipment: 10% per annum on cost.
- Fixtures & Fittings: Straight-line method over 4 years with a full year’s charge in the year of acquisition.
GH¢2,500 worth of fixtures & fittings was introduced into the business.
Prepayments and accrued expenses as at 30 June 2023:
- Rent paid in advance: GH¢1,250
- Accrued wages: GH¢2,150
Cash drawings included:
- Wages: GH¢3,375
- Payments to suppliers: GH¢2,100
- Advertising leaflets: GH¢1,300 (Half not yet distributed).
Bank balance per statement: GH¢53,350 after adjusting for unpresented cheques.
Loan repayments include GH¢4,750 in interest payments.
Assets and liabilities as at 30 June 2024:
- Rent paid in advance: GH¢1,350
- Accrued wages: GH¢2,625
- Amounts due to suppliers: GH¢6,100
- Amounts due from customers: GH¢11,150
Major customer went into liquidation owing GH¢8,000; only 20% recoverable.

Required:

Prepare:
i) Statement of Profit or Loss for Akuorkor for the year ended 30 June 2024.
ii) Statement of Financial Position as at 30 June 2024.

Answer

Find Related Questions by Tags, levels, etc.

Tags: Accruals and Prepayments, Depreciation, Inventory, Loan Interest, Sole Trader, Statement of Financial Position, Statement of Profit or Loss
Level: Level 1

Topic: Preparation of financial statements of a sole trader
Series: Nov 2024

TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

Computation of interest deductible under section 24 of CITA 2004 and treatment of excess interest for XYZ Limited.

Question

Assessable profit: N2,000,000

Interests and depreciation deducted before arriving at the assessable profit are:

Interest on loan paid to Diki (Malaysia) Limited: N1,050,000
Interest on loan paid to other creditors: N1,000,000
Depreciation: N400,000

It was discovered that N450,000 of the loan paid to other creditors was in respect of a loan obtained to generate tax-exempt profits.

Answer

Find Related Questions by Tags, levels, etc.

Tags: Companies Income Tax, Excess Interest, Interest Deduction, Loan Interest
Level: Level 2

Topic: Companies Income Tax (CIT)
Series: NOV 2021

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

Question

Additional information:

If Miss Opeyemi accepts the offer from Joke Oil & Gas, she will rent out her Lagos apartment for N20,000,000 per annum but will need a loan of N12,000,000 at 20% interest to modify the apartment.
She will pay rent of N5,000,000 in Port Harcourt if she relocates.
She maintains her child, a student at St. John University,
She also supports her parents.
She pays a life assurance premium of N5,000,000 annually.
Her employers will deduct contributions for the National Housing Fund (N5,000,000) and Pension Fund (N3,000,000).
She also pays National Health Insurance Premium (N1,000,000).

Required:

a. Compute Miss Opeyemi’s personal income tax liability for the relevant year of assessment for both offers.
b. Advise her on which employment will give her a higher income after tax.

Answer

Find Related Questions by Tags, levels, etc.

Tags: Allowances, Employment Income, Loan Interest, Personal income tax, Tax deductions
Level: Level 2

Topic: Personal Income Tax
Series: NOV 2021

FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements

Prepare the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for a limited liability company using the provided trial balance and adjustments.

Question

The following trial balance relates to Pakro Ltd at 31 July 2022:

The following matters remain to be adjusted for in preparing the financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2022:

The cost of inventory of GHȼ 38,400 for the year ended 31 July 2022 was based on an inventory count on 4 August 2022. Between 31 July 2022 and 4 August 2022, the following transactions took place:

Item	GHȼ
Purchases of goods	8,000
Sales of goods (profit margin 20% on sales)	12,000
Goods returned by Pakro Ltd to a supplier	800

Trade receivables totaling GHȼ24,000 are to be written off and allowance for receivables is to be adjusted to GHȼ8,000. The irrecoverable debt expense is to be included in administrative expenses.
Pakro Ltd receives rent for subletting part of its building. The rent, which is receivable quarterly in advance, was received as follows:

Date of receipt	Period covered	GHȼ
1 July 2021	3 months to 30 September 2021	7,200
1 October 2021	3 months to 31 December 2021	7,200
30 December 2021	3 months to 31 March 2022	9,000
4 April 2022	3 months to 30 June 2022	9,000
1 July 2022	3 months to 30 September 2022	9,000

The loan of GHȼ60,000 was taken out on 1 January 2022 with annual interest of 12%. The interest is payable in equal instalments on the first day of April, July, October, and January in arrears. The loan is repayable in full during the financial year ended 31 July 2026.
Depreciation is to be provided for as follows:
- Buildings 2.5% per year on cost
- Plant and equipment 25% per year on cost
- 70% of the depreciation is to be charged in cost of sales, and 15% each in distribution costs and administrative expenses.
Current year income tax charged was GHȼ18,105.

Required:

a) Prepare the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year ended 31 July 2022. (10 marks)
b) Prepare the Statement of Financial Position as at 31 July 2022. (10 marks)

Answer

Find Related Questions by Tags, levels, etc.

Tags: Depreciation, Financial Statements, Income Statement, Inventory Adjustment, Loan Interest, Rent Income, Statement of Financial Position, Trial Balance
Level: Level 1

Topic: Preparation of limited liability company financial statements
Series: JULY 2023

Question Tag: Loan Interest

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FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader

Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader from given financial data and adjustments.

Trial Balance as at 30 June 2023

Summary of Receipts and Payments for the Year Ended 30 June 2024

Additional Information:

Required:

TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

Computation of interest deductible under section 24 of CITA 2004 and treatment of excess interest for XYZ Limited.

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements

Prepare the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for a limited liability company using the provided trial balance and adjustments.

FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader

Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader from given financial data and adjustments.

Trial Balance as at 30 June 2023

Summary of Receipts and Payments for the Year Ended 30 June 2024

Additional Information:

Required:

TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

Computation of interest deductible under section 24 of CITA 2004 and treatment of excess interest for XYZ Limited.

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements

Prepare the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for a limited liability company using the provided trial balance and adjustments.

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Question Tag: Loan Interest

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FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader

Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader from given financial data and adjustments.

Trial Balance as at 30 June 2023

Summary of Receipts and Payments for the Year Ended 30 June 2024

Additional Information:

Required:

You're reporting an error for "FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader"

TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

Computation of interest deductible under section 24 of CITA 2004 and treatment of excess interest for XYZ Limited.

You're reporting an error for "TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)"

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

You're reporting an error for "AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)"

FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements

Prepare the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for a limited liability company using the provided trial balance and adjustments.

You're reporting an error for "FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements"

FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader

Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader from given financial data and adjustments.

Trial Balance as at 30 June 2023

Summary of Receipts and Payments for the Year Ended 30 June 2024

Additional Information:

Required:

You're reporting an error for "FA – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q4- Preparation of Financial Statements for a Sole Trader"

TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

Computation of interest deductible under section 24 of CITA 2004 and treatment of excess interest for XYZ Limited.

You're reporting an error for "TAX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q2 – Companies Income Tax (CIT)"

AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Calculation of personal income tax liability for two job offers and providing advice on the offer that yields a higher income after tax.

You're reporting an error for "AX – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Personal Income Tax (PIT)"

FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements

Prepare the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for a limited liability company using the provided trial balance and adjustments.

You're reporting an error for "FA – July 2023 – L1 – Q4 – Preparation of limited liability company financial statements"

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