Question Tag: Impairment of Assets

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  • 20 Marks

FR – May 2017 – L2 – SB – Q3 – Partnership Account

Advise Bode Limited on accounting treatment for impairment, borrowing costs, and reclassification to investment property in accordance with IAS 36, IAS 23, and IAS 40.

You are a financial reporting consultant. The management of Bode Limited, a well-diversified company with branches in all states of the federation, has some transactions for which it requires advice. Bode Limited has a financial accountant who is not yet a qualified accountant. These transactions are as follows:

  1. Impairment of Assets: Bode Limited recognized a cash-generating unit during the year ended December 31, 2015, comprising:
    • Property, plant, and equipment: N4,050 million
    • Goodwill: N450 million
    • Other assets: N2,700 million
      Total carrying amount: N7,200 million

    The management estimated the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit at N6,300 million as of December 31, 2015. The financial accountant understands some provisions of IAS 36 on asset impairment but is uncertain about how to allocate impairment across these assets within the unit.

  2. Borrowing Costs: On January 1, 2015, Bode Limited borrowed N300 million to fund the construction of two assets, expected to take a year to complete. The funds were drawn on January 1 and were allocated as follows, with the remaining funds invested temporarily:
    • Asset X: N50 million on January 1, N50 million on July 1
    • Asset Y: N100 million on January 1, N100 million on July 1
      The loan interest rate is 9% per annum, and surplus funds can be invested at a rate of 7% per annum.
  3. Investment Property Reclassification: The company’s head office in Abuja, previously owner-occupied, was vacated and let out on June 30, 2015, due to a cost-saving decision to move operations to a nearby branch office. The property, initially recognized under IAS 16 at a cost of N37.5 million with a 50-year useful life, was revalued to N52.5 million by an independent valuer as of December 31, 2015. Bode Limited’s accounting policy for investment properties is to use the fair value model.

Required:
Write a memo advising Bode Limited on the accounting treatments for each transaction in their financial statements. Provide relevant calculations where necessary.

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  • 6 Marks

CR – May 2021 – L3 – Q2a(i) – Impairment of Assets and CGU Valuation

Evaluate the acceptability of accounting practices used for CGU impairment test, focusing on discount rates and foreign exchange issues under IAS 36.

  • Gyamfi Ltd (Gyamfi) is an international company with a presence in Ghana, providing spare parts for the automotive industry. It operates in various jurisdictions, each with different currencies. In 2020, Gyamfi faced financial difficulties partly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in a decline in revenue, a reorganization, and restructuring of the business. As a result, Gyamfi reported a loss for the year.

    Gyamfi conducted an impairment test for goodwill, but no impairment was recognized. The company applied a single discount rate to all cash flows for all cash-generating units (CGUs), regardless of the currency in which the cash flows were generated. The discount rate used was the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), and Gyamfi used the 10-year government bond rate of its jurisdiction as the risk-free rate in the calculation.

    Additionally, Gyamfi built its impairment model using forecasts denominated in the parent company’s functional currency, arguing that any other approach would be unrealistic and impracticable. Gyamfi claimed that the CGUs had different risk profiles in the short term, but there was no basis for claiming that their risk profiles were different over a longer business cycle.

    Impairment of Non-Current Assets:
    Gyamfi also tested its non-current assets for impairment. A building located overseas was deemed impaired due to flooding in the area. The building was acquired on 1 April 2020 for 25 million dinars when the exchange rate was 2 dinars to the Ghana Cedi. The building is carried at cost. As of 31 March 2021, the building’s recoverable amount was determined to be 17.5 million dinars. The exchange rate on 31 March 2021 was 2.5 dinars to the Ghana Cedi. Buildings are depreciated over 25 years.

    The tax base and carrying amounts of the non-current assets before the impairment write-down were identical. The impairment of the non-current assets is not deductible for tax purposes. No deferred tax adjustment has been made for the impairment. Gyamfi expects to make profits for the foreseeable future and assumes the tax rate is 25%. No other deferred tax effects need to be considered besides the ones relating to the impairment of the non-current assets.

    Requirements (as per question):
    i) Evaluate the acceptability of the accounting practices under IAS 36: Impairment of Assets (6 marks).

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  • 6 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q2b – Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

Calculate the carrying amount of a plant asset after applying impairment losses as at 31 March 2018 in line with IAS 36.

Devine Education Ltd acquired an item of plant at a cost of GH¢800,000 on 1 April 2016. The plant had an estimated residual value of GH¢50,000 and an estimated useful life of five years, neither of which has changed. Devine Education Ltd uses straight-line depreciation.

On 31 March 2018, Devine Education Ltd was informed by a major customer (who buys products produced by the plant) that it would no longer be placing orders with Devine Education Ltd. Even before this information was known, Devine Education Ltd had been having difficulty finding work for this plant. It now estimates that net cash inflows earned from the plant for the next three years will be:

Year ended GH¢’000
31 March 2019 220.00
31 March 2020 180.00
31 March 2021 170.00

Devine Education Ltd has confirmed that there is no market in which to sell the plant as at 31 March 2018, but is confident that it can still be sold for its original estimated realisable value on 31 March 2021. Devine Education Ltd’s cost of capital is 10%, and the following values should be used:

Value of GH¢1 at:
End of year 1 0.91
End of year 2 0.83
End of year 3 0.75

Required:
In line with IAS 36: Impairment of Assets, calculate the carrying amount of the asset above as at 31 March 2018 after applying any impairment losses. (Note: Calculations should be to the nearest GH¢1,000). (6 marks)

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  • 3 Marks

FR – Nov 2018 – L2 – Q2b- Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

This question relates to the impairment test of an asset, applying IAS 36.

Due to a change in Pusiga Ltd’s production plans, an item of machinery with a carrying value of GH¢11 million at 31 December 2017 (after adjusting for depreciation for the year) may be impaired due to a change in use. An impairment test conducted on 31 December 2017 revealed its fair value less cost of disposal to be GH¢5 million. The machine is now expected to generate an annual net income of GH¢2 million for the next three years at which point the asset would be sold for GH¢2.4 million. An appropriate discount rate is 10%. Pusiga charges depreciation at 20% on a reducing balance method on machinery.

Note:

  • The present value of ordinary annuity of GH¢1 at 10% for one year, two years, and three years is 0.909, 1.736, and 2.487 respectively.
  • The present value of GH¢1 at 10% for one year, two years, and three years is 0.909, 0.826, and 0.751 respectively.

Required:
In accordance with IAS 36: Impairment of Assets, explain with justification the required accounting treatment in the financial statements of Pusiga Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2017.

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  • 10 Marks

CR – July 2023 – L3 – Q3a – IAS 36: Impairment of assets

Apply IAS 36 to determine impairment of a cash-generating unit, including goodwill allocation and fair value considerations.

a) Sandoo Ltd is a company which manufactures machinery for industrial use and has a year end of 31 December 2021. The directors of Sandoo Ltd require advice on the following transaction:

i) Sandoo Ltd acquired a cash-generating unit (CGU) several years ago but, at 31 December 2021, the directors of Sandoo Ltd were concerned that the value of the CGU had declined because of a reduction in sales due to new competitors entering the market. At 31 December 2021, the carrying amounts of the assets in the CGU before any impairment testing were:

ii) The fair values of the Property, Plant and Equipment and the other assets at 31 December 2021 were GH¢20 million and GH¢34 million respectively and their costs to sell were GH¢200,000 and GH¢600,000 respectively. The CGU’s cash flow forecasts for the next five years are as follows:

iii) The pre-tax discount rate for the CGU is 8% and the post-tax discount rate is 6%. Sandoo Ltd has no plans to expand the capacity of the CGU and believes that a reorganisation would bring cost savings but, no plan has been approved. The directors of Sandoo Ltd need advice as to whether the CGU’s value is impaired. The following extract from a table of present value factors has been detailed below:

Required: With reference to relevant International Financial Reporting Standards: Advise the directors of Sandoo Ltd on how the above transactions should be accounted for in its financial statements as at 31 December 2021.

(10 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

FR – May 2017 – L2 – SB – Q3 – Partnership Account

Advise Bode Limited on accounting treatment for impairment, borrowing costs, and reclassification to investment property in accordance with IAS 36, IAS 23, and IAS 40.

You are a financial reporting consultant. The management of Bode Limited, a well-diversified company with branches in all states of the federation, has some transactions for which it requires advice. Bode Limited has a financial accountant who is not yet a qualified accountant. These transactions are as follows:

  1. Impairment of Assets: Bode Limited recognized a cash-generating unit during the year ended December 31, 2015, comprising:
    • Property, plant, and equipment: N4,050 million
    • Goodwill: N450 million
    • Other assets: N2,700 million
      Total carrying amount: N7,200 million

    The management estimated the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit at N6,300 million as of December 31, 2015. The financial accountant understands some provisions of IAS 36 on asset impairment but is uncertain about how to allocate impairment across these assets within the unit.

  2. Borrowing Costs: On January 1, 2015, Bode Limited borrowed N300 million to fund the construction of two assets, expected to take a year to complete. The funds were drawn on January 1 and were allocated as follows, with the remaining funds invested temporarily:
    • Asset X: N50 million on January 1, N50 million on July 1
    • Asset Y: N100 million on January 1, N100 million on July 1
      The loan interest rate is 9% per annum, and surplus funds can be invested at a rate of 7% per annum.
  3. Investment Property Reclassification: The company’s head office in Abuja, previously owner-occupied, was vacated and let out on June 30, 2015, due to a cost-saving decision to move operations to a nearby branch office. The property, initially recognized under IAS 16 at a cost of N37.5 million with a 50-year useful life, was revalued to N52.5 million by an independent valuer as of December 31, 2015. Bode Limited’s accounting policy for investment properties is to use the fair value model.

Required:
Write a memo advising Bode Limited on the accounting treatments for each transaction in their financial statements. Provide relevant calculations where necessary.

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  • 6 Marks

CR – May 2021 – L3 – Q2a(i) – Impairment of Assets and CGU Valuation

Evaluate the acceptability of accounting practices used for CGU impairment test, focusing on discount rates and foreign exchange issues under IAS 36.

  • Gyamfi Ltd (Gyamfi) is an international company with a presence in Ghana, providing spare parts for the automotive industry. It operates in various jurisdictions, each with different currencies. In 2020, Gyamfi faced financial difficulties partly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in a decline in revenue, a reorganization, and restructuring of the business. As a result, Gyamfi reported a loss for the year.

    Gyamfi conducted an impairment test for goodwill, but no impairment was recognized. The company applied a single discount rate to all cash flows for all cash-generating units (CGUs), regardless of the currency in which the cash flows were generated. The discount rate used was the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), and Gyamfi used the 10-year government bond rate of its jurisdiction as the risk-free rate in the calculation.

    Additionally, Gyamfi built its impairment model using forecasts denominated in the parent company’s functional currency, arguing that any other approach would be unrealistic and impracticable. Gyamfi claimed that the CGUs had different risk profiles in the short term, but there was no basis for claiming that their risk profiles were different over a longer business cycle.

    Impairment of Non-Current Assets:
    Gyamfi also tested its non-current assets for impairment. A building located overseas was deemed impaired due to flooding in the area. The building was acquired on 1 April 2020 for 25 million dinars when the exchange rate was 2 dinars to the Ghana Cedi. The building is carried at cost. As of 31 March 2021, the building’s recoverable amount was determined to be 17.5 million dinars. The exchange rate on 31 March 2021 was 2.5 dinars to the Ghana Cedi. Buildings are depreciated over 25 years.

    The tax base and carrying amounts of the non-current assets before the impairment write-down were identical. The impairment of the non-current assets is not deductible for tax purposes. No deferred tax adjustment has been made for the impairment. Gyamfi expects to make profits for the foreseeable future and assumes the tax rate is 25%. No other deferred tax effects need to be considered besides the ones relating to the impairment of the non-current assets.

    Requirements (as per question):
    i) Evaluate the acceptability of the accounting practices under IAS 36: Impairment of Assets (6 marks).

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  • 6 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q2b – Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

Calculate the carrying amount of a plant asset after applying impairment losses as at 31 March 2018 in line with IAS 36.

Devine Education Ltd acquired an item of plant at a cost of GH¢800,000 on 1 April 2016. The plant had an estimated residual value of GH¢50,000 and an estimated useful life of five years, neither of which has changed. Devine Education Ltd uses straight-line depreciation.

On 31 March 2018, Devine Education Ltd was informed by a major customer (who buys products produced by the plant) that it would no longer be placing orders with Devine Education Ltd. Even before this information was known, Devine Education Ltd had been having difficulty finding work for this plant. It now estimates that net cash inflows earned from the plant for the next three years will be:

Year ended GH¢’000
31 March 2019 220.00
31 March 2020 180.00
31 March 2021 170.00

Devine Education Ltd has confirmed that there is no market in which to sell the plant as at 31 March 2018, but is confident that it can still be sold for its original estimated realisable value on 31 March 2021. Devine Education Ltd’s cost of capital is 10%, and the following values should be used:

Value of GH¢1 at:
End of year 1 0.91
End of year 2 0.83
End of year 3 0.75

Required:
In line with IAS 36: Impairment of Assets, calculate the carrying amount of the asset above as at 31 March 2018 after applying any impairment losses. (Note: Calculations should be to the nearest GH¢1,000). (6 marks)

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  • 3 Marks

FR – Nov 2018 – L2 – Q2b- Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

This question relates to the impairment test of an asset, applying IAS 36.

Due to a change in Pusiga Ltd’s production plans, an item of machinery with a carrying value of GH¢11 million at 31 December 2017 (after adjusting for depreciation for the year) may be impaired due to a change in use. An impairment test conducted on 31 December 2017 revealed its fair value less cost of disposal to be GH¢5 million. The machine is now expected to generate an annual net income of GH¢2 million for the next three years at which point the asset would be sold for GH¢2.4 million. An appropriate discount rate is 10%. Pusiga charges depreciation at 20% on a reducing balance method on machinery.

Note:

  • The present value of ordinary annuity of GH¢1 at 10% for one year, two years, and three years is 0.909, 1.736, and 2.487 respectively.
  • The present value of GH¢1 at 10% for one year, two years, and three years is 0.909, 0.826, and 0.751 respectively.

Required:
In accordance with IAS 36: Impairment of Assets, explain with justification the required accounting treatment in the financial statements of Pusiga Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2017.

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  • 10 Marks

CR – July 2023 – L3 – Q3a – IAS 36: Impairment of assets

Apply IAS 36 to determine impairment of a cash-generating unit, including goodwill allocation and fair value considerations.

a) Sandoo Ltd is a company which manufactures machinery for industrial use and has a year end of 31 December 2021. The directors of Sandoo Ltd require advice on the following transaction:

i) Sandoo Ltd acquired a cash-generating unit (CGU) several years ago but, at 31 December 2021, the directors of Sandoo Ltd were concerned that the value of the CGU had declined because of a reduction in sales due to new competitors entering the market. At 31 December 2021, the carrying amounts of the assets in the CGU before any impairment testing were:

ii) The fair values of the Property, Plant and Equipment and the other assets at 31 December 2021 were GH¢20 million and GH¢34 million respectively and their costs to sell were GH¢200,000 and GH¢600,000 respectively. The CGU’s cash flow forecasts for the next five years are as follows:

iii) The pre-tax discount rate for the CGU is 8% and the post-tax discount rate is 6%. Sandoo Ltd has no plans to expand the capacity of the CGU and believes that a reorganisation would bring cost savings but, no plan has been approved. The directors of Sandoo Ltd need advice as to whether the CGU’s value is impaired. The following extract from a table of present value factors has been detailed below:

Required: With reference to relevant International Financial Reporting Standards: Advise the directors of Sandoo Ltd on how the above transactions should be accounted for in its financial statements as at 31 December 2021.

(10 marks)

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