Question Tag: IAS 16

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2024 – L3 – SB – Q2 – Overview of Advanced Audit and Assurance

Discuss audit review types, include necessary IAS 16 and IAS 36 information in the audit checklist, and advise on misclassified asset treatment.

The statement below is an extract of property, plant and equipment from the “notes to the financial statements” of ABC Plc:

Land and buildings Plant, equipment, fixtures and fittings, and motor vehicles Total
Costs (₦)
At January 1, 2020 75,230,481 120,454,850 195,685,331
Additions 12,540,000 16,000,500 28,540,500
Acquisitions through business combinations 24,400,000 35,750,430 60,150,430
Classified as held for sale (10,200,450) (15,450,600) (25,651,050)
Disposals (5,000,465) (10,700,250) (15,700,715)
At December 31, 2020 96,969,566 146,054,930 243,024,496
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses
At January 1, 2020 46,660,254 66,675,860 113,336,114
Depreciation charge for the year 5,594,523 17,220,518 22,815,041
Classified as held for sale (7,650,338) (9,270,000) (16,920,338)
Disposals (3,762,523) (9,034,069) (12,796,592)
Impairment losses 5,267,533 6,022,713 11,290,246
Reversal of Impairment losses (4,515,028) (4,818,170) (9,333,198)
At December 31, 2020 41,594,421 66,796,852 108,391,273

Net carrying amount
At December 31, 2020: ₦55,375,145 (Land and buildings), ₦79,258,078 (Plant, equipment, fixtures, and fittings, and motor vehicles), Total: ₦134,633,223
At December 31, 2019: ₦28,590,212 (Land and buildings), ₦53,778,390 (Plant, equipment, fixtures, and fittings, and motor vehicles), Total: ₦82,368,602

The above was the situation of the statement of financial position of the company when it was signed at the board of directors meeting. During further review to sign off the audit file, it was discovered that the classification of some of the assets as impaired was due to wrong classification and the value had actually increased due to a new road network in the location. This affected the impairment losses for the year. The new value of the buildings affected and shown in the note above as available from market survey had actually grown to ₦8.5 million within the period under review.

Required:

  1. Evaluate the different types of audit review, the purposes, and the scope of the reviews. (10 Marks)
  2. Discuss the necessary information to be included in the audit checklist based on the information above in relation to IAS 16 – Property, Plant, and Equipment and IAS 36 – Impairment of Assets. (7 Marks)
  3. Advise on the treatment of the issue raised with regard to the wrongly classified assets. (3 Marks)

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  • 10 Marks

FR – Nov 2014 – L2 – Q7b – Property, Plant and Equipment (IAS 16)

Prepare a statement of changes in Property, Plant and Equipment for Kwali Nigeria Plc.

b. The following details are extracted from the non-current assets register of Kwali
Nigeria Plc at the year ended 30 September 2013:

Additional information:

(i) During the year ended 30 September 2013, the company incurred the
sum of N106,000,000 on the construction work in progress and this
resulted in the completion of a warehouse costing N325,000,000. The
warehouse was put to use on 1 June, 2013. The freehold property is
depreciated at a flat rate of 15% per annum on a straight-line basis.

(ii) The leasehold property was acquired on 1 October 2011 on 15 years
lease at a cost of N300,000,000. The company’s policy is to revalue the
property at market value at each year end. At 30 September 2013, the
property was valued at N204,600,000.

(iii) Plant acquired is depreciated at 25% per annum using the reducing
balance method while the leased plant is also depreciated at 25% using
the straight-line method.

(iv) One item of plant acquired for N48,000,000 on 1 October 2010 was
disposed on 30 September, 2013 for N36,000,000 while a new plant with
a higher capacity was acquired as a replacement for N65,000,000 on the
same date.

(v) All the additional pieces of information above are yet to be adjusted for
in the books of Kwali Nigeria Plc.

Required:

Prepare a statement of changes in Property, Plant and Equipment for inclusion in the
Financial Statements for the year ended 30 September 2013. (10 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Nov 2014 – L2 – Q7a – Property, Plant and Equipment (IAS 16)

Identify the elements of cost for PPE and provide examples of directly attributable costs.

a. IAS 16 covers all aspects of accounting for Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE), including its measurement and qualification for recognition as an asset. The standard also describes the elements of cost, stating that some costs are directly attributable to the costs of PPE while some other costs fail to qualify as costs of an item of PPE.

Required:

In the context of IAS 16, identify the elements of cost of an item of Property, Plant, and Equipment, giving SIX examples of directly attributable costs. (5 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

FR – May 2024 – L2 – SB – Q4 – Impairment of Assets (IAS 36)

Differentiate between impairment and depreciation, and discuss the indicators and accounting treatment of impairment as per IAS 36.

a. Differentiate between impairment and depreciation. (5 Marks)

b. Discuss the following as contained in IAS 36 – Impairment of Assets: i. Indicators of impairment.
ii. How to identify and account for impairment of assets. (6 Marks)

c. A non-current asset in the statement of financial position of Zamfara Ltd, an SME, at the beginning of the financial year had a carrying amount of ₦800,000. The asset had previously been revalued, and there was a revaluation surplus of ₦50,000 relating to it in the revaluation reserve. At the end of the financial year, Zamfara Ltd suspected that the asset had been impaired. It, therefore, estimated the recoverable amount of the asset and found this to be ₦600,000. The depreciation charge on the asset for the year would be ₦80,000.

Required:
As the finance manager of Zamfara Ltd, explain with relevant computation the accounting treatments required in line with the provisions of IAS 36. (9 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

FA – May 2012 – L1 – SA – Q5 – Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Identifying features of non-current assets under IAS 16.

According to IAS 16 – “Accounting for Property, Plant and Equipment” all of the following are features of non-current assets EXCEPT where they are:

A. Held by an enterprise for use in the production or supply of goods and services
B. Expected to be used on a continuing basis
C. Intended for sale in the ordinary course of business
D. Financed by leasehold rights
E. Held for rental to others, or for administration purpose.

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q6 – Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Discuss depreciation concepts and characteristics under IAS 16 and calculate machine cost, revenue expenditures, and carrying amounts over the years.

Noodles Nigeria Limited (NNL) manufactures various types of noodles in Oluyole for sale across Nigeria. Recently, to sustain the company’s market leadership, NNL bought a brand new machine under the following conditions:

On September 1, 2016, NNL decided to upgrade the machine by adding new major components at a cost of N300,000,000. As a result of the upgrade, the remaining useful life was increased to 8,000,000 units and the residual value was revised to N114,000,000.

Required:
a. Describe what is meant by depreciable amount within the context of IAS 16 on property, plant, and equipment (PPE). (1 Mark)
b. Highlight THREE characteristics of depreciable assets under IAS 16. (3 Marks)
c. Describe the TWO models of accounting for cost of PPE under IAS 16. (3 Marks)
d. Calculate the following:
i. Machine cost. (3 Marks)
ii. Revenue expenditure over the years in the statement of profit or loss. (5 Marks)
iii. Carrying amounts of the machine over the years. (5 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q7b – Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Explain the two methods of valuation for property, plant, and equipment as per IAS 16.

AS 16 prescribes the principles and models of the valuation in recognizing items of property, plant, and equipment in the financial statements of an entity.

Required:
Briefly explain the TWO methods of valuation recognized in IAS 16 – property, plant, and equipment.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – Nov 2013 – L1 – SA – Q36 – Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Understanding the term for when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount under IAS 16.

In accordance with IAS 16 (Property, Plant and Equipment), the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount is called ____________.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – Nov 2013 – L1 – SA – Q25 – Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Understanding the term for a new value resulting from revaluation under IAS 16.

According to IAS 16 (Property, Plant, and Equipment), the new value as a result of a revaluation exercise carried out on property, plant, and equipment, within the context of the historical cost system is called ____________.

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  • 8 Marks

FR – May 2019 – L2 – Q4c – Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Preparation of extracts of the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for Chidinma Ventures Plc, accounting for leasehold property revaluation.

Chidinma Ventures Plc. acquired a 12-year lease on a property on 1 October, 2016 at a cost of N132 million. The company’s policy is to revalue its properties to their market value at the end of each year.

Accumulated amortization is eliminated, and the property is restated to the revalued amount. Annual amortization is calculated on the carrying values at the beginning of the year. The market values of the property on 30 September 2017 and 2018 were N127.05 million and N96.25 million, respectively. The existing balance on the revaluation surplus at 1 October, 2016 was N27.5 million. This is related to some non-depreciable land whose value had not changed significantly since 1 October 2016.

Required:
Prepare extracts of the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for the year ended 30 September 2017 and 2018 in respect of the leasehold property.

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2024 – L3 – SB – Q2 – Overview of Advanced Audit and Assurance

Discuss audit review types, include necessary IAS 16 and IAS 36 information in the audit checklist, and advise on misclassified asset treatment.

The statement below is an extract of property, plant and equipment from the “notes to the financial statements” of ABC Plc:

Land and buildings Plant, equipment, fixtures and fittings, and motor vehicles Total
Costs (₦)
At January 1, 2020 75,230,481 120,454,850 195,685,331
Additions 12,540,000 16,000,500 28,540,500
Acquisitions through business combinations 24,400,000 35,750,430 60,150,430
Classified as held for sale (10,200,450) (15,450,600) (25,651,050)
Disposals (5,000,465) (10,700,250) (15,700,715)
At December 31, 2020 96,969,566 146,054,930 243,024,496
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses
At January 1, 2020 46,660,254 66,675,860 113,336,114
Depreciation charge for the year 5,594,523 17,220,518 22,815,041
Classified as held for sale (7,650,338) (9,270,000) (16,920,338)
Disposals (3,762,523) (9,034,069) (12,796,592)
Impairment losses 5,267,533 6,022,713 11,290,246
Reversal of Impairment losses (4,515,028) (4,818,170) (9,333,198)
At December 31, 2020 41,594,421 66,796,852 108,391,273

Net carrying amount
At December 31, 2020: ₦55,375,145 (Land and buildings), ₦79,258,078 (Plant, equipment, fixtures, and fittings, and motor vehicles), Total: ₦134,633,223
At December 31, 2019: ₦28,590,212 (Land and buildings), ₦53,778,390 (Plant, equipment, fixtures, and fittings, and motor vehicles), Total: ₦82,368,602

The above was the situation of the statement of financial position of the company when it was signed at the board of directors meeting. During further review to sign off the audit file, it was discovered that the classification of some of the assets as impaired was due to wrong classification and the value had actually increased due to a new road network in the location. This affected the impairment losses for the year. The new value of the buildings affected and shown in the note above as available from market survey had actually grown to ₦8.5 million within the period under review.

Required:

  1. Evaluate the different types of audit review, the purposes, and the scope of the reviews. (10 Marks)
  2. Discuss the necessary information to be included in the audit checklist based on the information above in relation to IAS 16 – Property, Plant, and Equipment and IAS 36 – Impairment of Assets. (7 Marks)
  3. Advise on the treatment of the issue raised with regard to the wrongly classified assets. (3 Marks)

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  • 10 Marks

FR – Nov 2014 – L2 – Q7b – Property, Plant and Equipment (IAS 16)

Prepare a statement of changes in Property, Plant and Equipment for Kwali Nigeria Plc.

b. The following details are extracted from the non-current assets register of Kwali
Nigeria Plc at the year ended 30 September 2013:

Additional information:

(i) During the year ended 30 September 2013, the company incurred the
sum of N106,000,000 on the construction work in progress and this
resulted in the completion of a warehouse costing N325,000,000. The
warehouse was put to use on 1 June, 2013. The freehold property is
depreciated at a flat rate of 15% per annum on a straight-line basis.

(ii) The leasehold property was acquired on 1 October 2011 on 15 years
lease at a cost of N300,000,000. The company’s policy is to revalue the
property at market value at each year end. At 30 September 2013, the
property was valued at N204,600,000.

(iii) Plant acquired is depreciated at 25% per annum using the reducing
balance method while the leased plant is also depreciated at 25% using
the straight-line method.

(iv) One item of plant acquired for N48,000,000 on 1 October 2010 was
disposed on 30 September, 2013 for N36,000,000 while a new plant with
a higher capacity was acquired as a replacement for N65,000,000 on the
same date.

(v) All the additional pieces of information above are yet to be adjusted for
in the books of Kwali Nigeria Plc.

Required:

Prepare a statement of changes in Property, Plant and Equipment for inclusion in the
Financial Statements for the year ended 30 September 2013. (10 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Nov 2014 – L2 – Q7a – Property, Plant and Equipment (IAS 16)

Identify the elements of cost for PPE and provide examples of directly attributable costs.

a. IAS 16 covers all aspects of accounting for Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE), including its measurement and qualification for recognition as an asset. The standard also describes the elements of cost, stating that some costs are directly attributable to the costs of PPE while some other costs fail to qualify as costs of an item of PPE.

Required:

In the context of IAS 16, identify the elements of cost of an item of Property, Plant, and Equipment, giving SIX examples of directly attributable costs. (5 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

FR – May 2024 – L2 – SB – Q4 – Impairment of Assets (IAS 36)

Differentiate between impairment and depreciation, and discuss the indicators and accounting treatment of impairment as per IAS 36.

a. Differentiate between impairment and depreciation. (5 Marks)

b. Discuss the following as contained in IAS 36 – Impairment of Assets: i. Indicators of impairment.
ii. How to identify and account for impairment of assets. (6 Marks)

c. A non-current asset in the statement of financial position of Zamfara Ltd, an SME, at the beginning of the financial year had a carrying amount of ₦800,000. The asset had previously been revalued, and there was a revaluation surplus of ₦50,000 relating to it in the revaluation reserve. At the end of the financial year, Zamfara Ltd suspected that the asset had been impaired. It, therefore, estimated the recoverable amount of the asset and found this to be ₦600,000. The depreciation charge on the asset for the year would be ₦80,000.

Required:
As the finance manager of Zamfara Ltd, explain with relevant computation the accounting treatments required in line with the provisions of IAS 36. (9 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

FA – May 2012 – L1 – SA – Q5 – Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Identifying features of non-current assets under IAS 16.

According to IAS 16 – “Accounting for Property, Plant and Equipment” all of the following are features of non-current assets EXCEPT where they are:

A. Held by an enterprise for use in the production or supply of goods and services
B. Expected to be used on a continuing basis
C. Intended for sale in the ordinary course of business
D. Financed by leasehold rights
E. Held for rental to others, or for administration purpose.

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q6 – Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Discuss depreciation concepts and characteristics under IAS 16 and calculate machine cost, revenue expenditures, and carrying amounts over the years.

Noodles Nigeria Limited (NNL) manufactures various types of noodles in Oluyole for sale across Nigeria. Recently, to sustain the company’s market leadership, NNL bought a brand new machine under the following conditions:

On September 1, 2016, NNL decided to upgrade the machine by adding new major components at a cost of N300,000,000. As a result of the upgrade, the remaining useful life was increased to 8,000,000 units and the residual value was revised to N114,000,000.

Required:
a. Describe what is meant by depreciable amount within the context of IAS 16 on property, plant, and equipment (PPE). (1 Mark)
b. Highlight THREE characteristics of depreciable assets under IAS 16. (3 Marks)
c. Describe the TWO models of accounting for cost of PPE under IAS 16. (3 Marks)
d. Calculate the following:
i. Machine cost. (3 Marks)
ii. Revenue expenditure over the years in the statement of profit or loss. (5 Marks)
iii. Carrying amounts of the machine over the years. (5 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

FR – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q7b – Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Explain the two methods of valuation for property, plant, and equipment as per IAS 16.

AS 16 prescribes the principles and models of the valuation in recognizing items of property, plant, and equipment in the financial statements of an entity.

Required:
Briefly explain the TWO methods of valuation recognized in IAS 16 – property, plant, and equipment.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – Nov 2013 – L1 – SA – Q36 – Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Understanding the term for when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount under IAS 16.

In accordance with IAS 16 (Property, Plant and Equipment), the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount is called ____________.

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  • 1 Marks

FA – Nov 2013 – L1 – SA – Q25 – Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Understanding the term for a new value resulting from revaluation under IAS 16.

According to IAS 16 (Property, Plant, and Equipment), the new value as a result of a revaluation exercise carried out on property, plant, and equipment, within the context of the historical cost system is called ____________.

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  • 8 Marks

FR – May 2019 – L2 – Q4c – Property, Plant, and Equipment (IAS 16)

Preparation of extracts of the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for Chidinma Ventures Plc, accounting for leasehold property revaluation.

Chidinma Ventures Plc. acquired a 12-year lease on a property on 1 October, 2016 at a cost of N132 million. The company’s policy is to revalue its properties to their market value at the end of each year.

Accumulated amortization is eliminated, and the property is restated to the revalued amount. Annual amortization is calculated on the carrying values at the beginning of the year. The market values of the property on 30 September 2017 and 2018 were N127.05 million and N96.25 million, respectively. The existing balance on the revaluation surplus at 1 October, 2016 was N27.5 million. This is related to some non-depreciable land whose value had not changed significantly since 1 October 2016.

Required:
Prepare extracts of the statement of profit or loss and statement of financial position for the year ended 30 September 2017 and 2018 in respect of the leasehold property.

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