Question Tag: Convertible Instruments

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q4a & b – Earnings Per Share (IAS 33)

Discuss diluted EPS and calculate EPS measures for Ebonyi Limited.

IAS 33 requires publicly-traded companies to calculate a diluted Earning Per Share (EPS) in addition to their basic EPS for the current year (with a comparative diluted EPS for the previous year), allowing for the effect of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

Required: a. Explain the purpose of the dilutive measures and discuss THREE types of dilution. (8 Marks)

b. The statement of financial position (extracts) for Ebonyi Limited for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows:

Equity and Liabilities N’000
Ordinary shares (N1 each) 12,000
Retained earnings 36,000
Equity 48,000
Non-current liabilities:
5% convertible loan notes 4,000

Additional information: i. As at December 31, 2022, there has been no new issue of shares or loan notes for several years.
ii. The loan notes are convertible into ordinary shares in year 2023 or year 2024 at the following rates.
iii. At 30 shares for every N100 of loan notes if converted at December 31, 2023.
iv. At 25 shares for every N100 of loan notes if converted at December 31, 2024.
v. Company income tax rate is 30% on profit.

Required: Calculate the basic EPS and diluted EPS for year 2022. (8 Marks)

c. IAS 33 allows an entity to disclose an alternative measure of EPS in addition to the EPS calculated.

Required: Identify and explain TWO conditions that are required in accordance with IAS 33 to be complied with where an alternative measure of EPS is shown in the financial statements of an entity. (4 Marks)

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  • 10 Marks

CR – Mar 2023 – L3 – Q2b – IAS 12: Income taxes

Discuss the appropriate accounting treatments for Sanda Ltd’s preference shares and deferred tax asset.

Sanda Ltd, a consumer electronics company in Accra, faced a challenging year due to increased competition and COVID-19. Sanda Ltd has a year-end of 31 December 2021. The unaudited financial statements reported an operating loss, and debt covenant limits were close to being breached. The following occurred during the year:

i. On 1 January 2021, the Finance Director and CEO paid GH¢3 million each for preference shares that provide cumulative dividends of 7% per annum. These preference shares can either be converted into a fixed number of ordinary shares in three years or redeemed at par. The Finance Director suggested classifying the preference shares as equity.

ii. Sanda Ltd included a deferred tax asset in the statement of financial position based on losses incurred in the previous two years. The Finance Director asked the Accountant to include the deferred tax asset in full, expecting a return to profitability once funding issues are resolved.

Required:
With reference to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), discuss the appropriate accounting treatments which Sanda Ltd should adopt for the issues identified in i) and ii) and their impact on gearing as at 31 December 2021.

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q4a & b – Earnings Per Share (IAS 33)

Discuss diluted EPS and calculate EPS measures for Ebonyi Limited.

IAS 33 requires publicly-traded companies to calculate a diluted Earning Per Share (EPS) in addition to their basic EPS for the current year (with a comparative diluted EPS for the previous year), allowing for the effect of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

Required: a. Explain the purpose of the dilutive measures and discuss THREE types of dilution. (8 Marks)

b. The statement of financial position (extracts) for Ebonyi Limited for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows:

Equity and Liabilities N’000
Ordinary shares (N1 each) 12,000
Retained earnings 36,000
Equity 48,000
Non-current liabilities:
5% convertible loan notes 4,000

Additional information: i. As at December 31, 2022, there has been no new issue of shares or loan notes for several years.
ii. The loan notes are convertible into ordinary shares in year 2023 or year 2024 at the following rates.
iii. At 30 shares for every N100 of loan notes if converted at December 31, 2023.
iv. At 25 shares for every N100 of loan notes if converted at December 31, 2024.
v. Company income tax rate is 30% on profit.

Required: Calculate the basic EPS and diluted EPS for year 2022. (8 Marks)

c. IAS 33 allows an entity to disclose an alternative measure of EPS in addition to the EPS calculated.

Required: Identify and explain TWO conditions that are required in accordance with IAS 33 to be complied with where an alternative measure of EPS is shown in the financial statements of an entity. (4 Marks)

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  • 10 Marks

CR – Mar 2023 – L3 – Q2b – IAS 12: Income taxes

Discuss the appropriate accounting treatments for Sanda Ltd’s preference shares and deferred tax asset.

Sanda Ltd, a consumer electronics company in Accra, faced a challenging year due to increased competition and COVID-19. Sanda Ltd has a year-end of 31 December 2021. The unaudited financial statements reported an operating loss, and debt covenant limits were close to being breached. The following occurred during the year:

i. On 1 January 2021, the Finance Director and CEO paid GH¢3 million each for preference shares that provide cumulative dividends of 7% per annum. These preference shares can either be converted into a fixed number of ordinary shares in three years or redeemed at par. The Finance Director suggested classifying the preference shares as equity.

ii. Sanda Ltd included a deferred tax asset in the statement of financial position based on losses incurred in the previous two years. The Finance Director asked the Accountant to include the deferred tax asset in full, expecting a return to profitability once funding issues are resolved.

Required:
With reference to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), discuss the appropriate accounting treatments which Sanda Ltd should adopt for the issues identified in i) and ii) and their impact on gearing as at 31 December 2021.

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