Question Tag: Business Risks

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q2 – Group Audits

Assess business risks for Chuks Zaka Limited post-acquisition, evaluate financial statement risks, and outline audit considerations.

Chuks Roberts Plc (CRP) operates as an auto-parts manufacturing company in Nigeria with headquarters in Lagos. CRP plans to manufacture drones for parcel distribution across Africa and has acquired Zaka Roberts Limited (ZRL), a South African company based in Johannesburg, to bring this plan to fruition.

Zaka previously specialized in manufacturing computer-controlled equipment for laboratories and other industries in Africa and the Middle East. The company was owned by five directors/shareholders who accepted CRP’s offer on February 1, 2016, to purchase Zaka’s manufacturing equipment, technology (patent-protected), Cape Town factory, and Johannesburg head office for US$450 million, representing 75% of Zaka’s value.

Effective March 31, 2016, Zaka ceased manufacturing, making most employees redundant except for a select few in marketing, accounts, and administration, with one month’s notice. The restructured entity, now named Chuks Zaka Limited (CZL), will operate as a marketing arm selling CRP’s drones in the South African region, with CRP holding a 55% stake.

Your firm has been CRP’s external auditor and is now engaged to audit CZL.

Required:
a. Analyse and evaluate the business risks that would be assessed by the management of CZL. (6 Marks)
b. Analyse and evaluate the business risks that would be assessed by the directors of CRP.

(6 Marks)
c. Assess and advise on the financial statements’ risks to be considered in planning the audit of CZL for the year ended December 31, 2016.

(8 Marks)

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AA – May 2016 – L2 – Q7b – Risk Assessment and Internal Control

Identify business risks for Moovy Magic’s procurement and suggest control strategies.

You are the internal auditor of Moovy Magic Limited, which runs a chain of video rental stores.

The company guarantees that if a video is not available for rental, the customer will get a free rental when that video comes back into inventory. It is not possible for customers to pre-book videos. The company purchases a number of copies of each video, taking the above policy into account, but has no way of monitoring whether their procurement strategy is effective. Procurement decisions are made and auctioned locally, and no central budgets are produced.

You have been asked by the directors to review the procurement and other strategies of the company.

Required:

Identify and explain the potential business risks arising from the above procurement and other strategies. Suggest controls and strategies that the management of Moovy Magic could instigate to mitigate those business risks. (9 Marks)

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SCS – May 2020 – L3 – Q5 – Strategy implementation

Identify and explain the specific risks faced by Customer Focused Ltd in the proposed contract with Look and Like Ltd.

Customer Focused Ltd has received a proposal from a potential supplier, Look and Like
Ltd, to provide fresh produce (Exhibit 2a) and is considering whether to accept. Kpakpo
Armah has written a note (Exhibit 2b) about Look and Like Ltd.
Required:
Using the information available, including information you feel relevant from your answer
to Section A:

Identify and explain the specific risks faced by Customer Focused Ltd in the proposed contract.

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SCS – Apr 2022 – L3 – Q5 – Identifying and assessing risk

Discuss eight business risks faced by HPC and recommend mitigation strategies based on the Turnbull Report.

In their Annual Business Review meeting, the Board of HPC discussed a report on Internal Controls and Risk Management, presented by the Internal Auditor. The Board Chairman in his comments mentioned that he would have been more comfortable with a Risk Management report categorized according to the Turnbull Report.

Required:
With reference to the Turnbull Report and the comments made by the Board Chairman, write a report discussing EIGHT (8) categories of business risks faced by HPC and recommendations to mitigate the identified risks. (20 marks)

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BMF – May 2022 – L1 – SA – Q16 – The Business Environment

Identifying a non-disadvantage of offshore outsourcing.

The following are described as part of the disadvantages to offshore outsourcing, EXCEPT
A. Publicity for transferring jobs to other countries
B. Core competences
C. Political risk
D. Language differences
E. Poor communication

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AA – May 2020 – L2 – Q1b – Audit Failure and Expectation Gap

Identify and explain business risks in the provided scenario.

Unbalanced and Co. Ltd. is a trading company at Abossey Okai. It deals in auto parts. It is owned by a husband and wife; Divine and Grace. Divine travels to South Korea twice a year to buy auto parts for the business whilst Grace runs the day-to-day administration of the shop.

Divine borrows (loans) from friends to add up to the company’s money to buy parts when he travels. These loans are repaid when the goods are sold back home. The loans are not receipted. Some of the loans are banked, others are not. The company’s money and the loans collected are changed into foreign currency, some through the bank, and others not through the bank. The company does not keep receipts for air tickets, hotel bills, and the expenses made by the owners. However, Divine can reel off what he paid without batting an eyelid.

Import duties are paid by bankers’ drafts, so those are clearly stated in the bank statements. Grace has a notebook in which she enters the daily sales but the records in the book are scanty. However, all import invoices are properly filed. Most of the sales are banked and the bank statements are readily available. Grace is assisted by one attendant.

The success of the business, you understand, depends on the vigilance and strictness of the owners.

Required:
i) Identify the business risks in the passage and explain why they are risks. (10 marks)

ii) What general factors would you consider when planning the audit? (5 marks)

 

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AA – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1b – Audit and Assurance Risk Environment

Discusses six business risks faced by an audit firm when auditing a technology retailer.

Mogya Bi Accounting Firm is the Auditors of Abronyeh Enterprise (Abronyeh), a retailer selling computers, phones, and other high-technology equipment. Abronyeh was set up just a year ago by its sole owner Adam Joseph. Adam Joseph has employed several bookkeepers to help him with accounting records and the preparation of financial statements, and the most recent one has just left. In order to start the business, Adam Joseph re-mortgaged his house and, in addition, took out a business loan. As part of the loan agreement, Adam Joseph is obliged to provide a copy of the annual financial statement.

Required:
Explain SIX (6) business risks that Mogya Bi Accounting Firm faces when conducting the audit of Abronyeh and explain why they could be identified as risks.

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AAA – Nov 2019 – L3 – Q2 – The audit approach, Planning, Audit evidence

Evaluate five business risks facing Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) during audit planning.

Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) is a large company, operating in the retail industry, with a year ended 31 December 2018. You are a manager in Jen & Co, responsible for the audit of Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL), and you have recently attended a planning meeting with Olivia Danso, the finance director of the company. As this is the first year that your firm will be acting as auditor for Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL), you need to gain an understanding of the business risks facing the new client. Notes from your meeting are as follows:

Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) sells clothing, with a strategy of selling high fashion items under the RSCL brand name. New ranges of clothes are introduced to stores every eight weeks. The company relies on a team of highly skilled designers to develop new fashion ranges. The designers must be able to anticipate and quickly respond to changes in consumer preferences. There is a high staff turnover in the design team.

Most sales are made in-store, but there is also a very popular catalogue, from which customers can place an order online, or over the phone. The company has recently upgraded the computer system and improved the website, at significant cost, in order to integrate the website sales directly into the general ledger, and to provide an easier interface for customers to use when ordering and entering their credit card details. The new online sales system has allowed overseas sales for the first time.

The system for phone ordering has recently been outsourced. The contract for outsourcing went out to tender and Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) awarded the contract to the company offering the least cost. The company providing the service uses an overseas phone call centre where staff costs are very low.

Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) has recently joined the Ethical Trading Initiative. This is a ‘fair-trade’ initiative, which means that any products bearing the RSCL brand name must have been produced in a manner which is clean and safe for employees, and minimises the environmental impact of the manufacturing process. A significant advertising campaign promoting Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL)’s involvement with this initiative has recently taken place. The RSCL brand name was purchased a number of years ago and is recognised at cost as an intangible asset, which is not amortised. The brand represents 12% of the total assets recognised on the statement of financial position.

The company owns numerous distribution centres, some of which operate close to residential areas. A licence to operate the distribution centres is issued by each local government authority in which a centre is located. One of the conditions of the licence is that deliveries must only take place between 8 am and 6 pm. The authority also monitors the noise level of each centre, and can revoke the operating licence if a certain noise limit is breached. Two licences were revoked for a period of three months during the year.

To help your business understanding, Olivia Danso has e-mailed to you extracts from the draft statement of comprehensive income, and the relevant comparative figures, which are shown below.

Extract from draft Statement of Comprehensive Income
Year ending 31 December

Revenue: Retail outlets 2018 Draft (GH¢ million) 2017 Actual (GH¢ million)
Phone and on-line sales 1,030 1,140
Total revenue 425 395
Operating profit 1,455 1,535
Finance costs 245 275
Profit before tax (25) (22)
Profit before tax 220 253

Additional Information:

Number of stores 2018 Draft 2017 Actual
Number of stores 210 208
Average revenue per store GH¢ 4·905 mn GH¢ 5·77 mn
Number of phone orders 680,000 790,000
Number of on-line orders 1,020,000 526,667
Average spend per order GH¢ 250 GH¢ 300

Required:

a) Prepare briefing notes to be used at a planning meeting with your audit team, in which you evaluate FIVE (5) business risks facing Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) to be considered when planning the final audit for the year ended 31 December 2018.

(10 marks)

b) Using the information provided, identify and explain FIVE (5) risks of material misstatements that may affect the financial statements you are going to audit. (10 marks)

 

 

 

 

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AAA – May 2018 – L3 – Q5a – The audit approach, Planning

Identifying and managing business risks facing Citilink Airlines, including leasing, service suspension, and onboard services.

Citilink Airlines was given an exclusive right by the Ministry of Aviation (MOA) to provide twice weekly direct flights between Accra and Johannesburg. The introduction of this service has been well advertised as ‘efficient and timely’ in national newspapers. The journey time between Accra and Johannesburg is expected to be significantly reduced, so as to encourage tourism and business development opportunities in Johannesburg. Citilink Airlines operates a refurbished 35-year-old aircraft which is leased from an international airline and registered with the MOA. The MOA requires that engines be overhauled every two years. Engine overhauls are expected to put the aircraft out of commission for several weeks. The aircraft is configured to carry 15 First Class, 50 Business Class, and 76 Economy Class passengers. The aircraft has a package to reserve holding capacity for Johannesburg’s numerous horticultural growers (e.g., cocoa, cashew, and fruits) and general cargo.

The six-hour journey offers an in-flight movie, a meal, hot and cold drinks, and tax-free shopping. All meals are prepared in Accra under a contract with an airport catering company. Passengers are invited to complete a ‘satisfaction’ questionnaire which is included with the in-flight entertainment and shopping guide. Responses received show that passengers are generally least satisfied with the quality of the food – especially on the Johannesburg to Accra flight. Citilink Airlines employs ten full-time cabin crew attendants who are trained in air-stewardship including passenger safety in the event of an accident and illness. Flight personnel (the captain and co-pilots) are provided under a contract with the international airline from which the aircraft is leased. At the end of each flight, the captain completes a timesheet detailing the crew and actual flight time. Citilink Airlines was incorporated in South Africa, whose capital town is Johannesburg on March 1, 2017, and now operates in Ghana whose capital town is Accra. Ticket sales are made by Citilink Airlines and travel agents in South Africa and Ghana. On a number of occasions, Economy seating has been over-booked. Customers who have been affected by this have been accommodated in Business Class as there is much less demand for this, and even less for First Class. Ticket prices for each class depend on many factors, for example, whether the tickets are refundable/non-refundable, exchangeable/non-exchangeable, single or return, mid-week or weekend, and the time of booking. Citilink’s insurance cover includes passenger liability, freight/baggage, and compensation insurance. Premiums for passenger liability insurance are determined on the basis of passenger miles flown.

Required:
i) Identify and explain FIVE business risks facing Citilink Airlines. (5 marks)
ii) Describe how the risks identified in (a) could be managed and maintained at an acceptable level by Citilink Airlines. (5 marks)

(Note. Assume it is 31 December 2017)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q2 – Group Audits

Assess business risks for Chuks Zaka Limited post-acquisition, evaluate financial statement risks, and outline audit considerations.

Chuks Roberts Plc (CRP) operates as an auto-parts manufacturing company in Nigeria with headquarters in Lagos. CRP plans to manufacture drones for parcel distribution across Africa and has acquired Zaka Roberts Limited (ZRL), a South African company based in Johannesburg, to bring this plan to fruition.

Zaka previously specialized in manufacturing computer-controlled equipment for laboratories and other industries in Africa and the Middle East. The company was owned by five directors/shareholders who accepted CRP’s offer on February 1, 2016, to purchase Zaka’s manufacturing equipment, technology (patent-protected), Cape Town factory, and Johannesburg head office for US$450 million, representing 75% of Zaka’s value.

Effective March 31, 2016, Zaka ceased manufacturing, making most employees redundant except for a select few in marketing, accounts, and administration, with one month’s notice. The restructured entity, now named Chuks Zaka Limited (CZL), will operate as a marketing arm selling CRP’s drones in the South African region, with CRP holding a 55% stake.

Your firm has been CRP’s external auditor and is now engaged to audit CZL.

Required:
a. Analyse and evaluate the business risks that would be assessed by the management of CZL. (6 Marks)
b. Analyse and evaluate the business risks that would be assessed by the directors of CRP.

(6 Marks)
c. Assess and advise on the financial statements’ risks to be considered in planning the audit of CZL for the year ended December 31, 2016.

(8 Marks)

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AA – May 2016 – L2 – Q7b – Risk Assessment and Internal Control

Identify business risks for Moovy Magic’s procurement and suggest control strategies.

You are the internal auditor of Moovy Magic Limited, which runs a chain of video rental stores.

The company guarantees that if a video is not available for rental, the customer will get a free rental when that video comes back into inventory. It is not possible for customers to pre-book videos. The company purchases a number of copies of each video, taking the above policy into account, but has no way of monitoring whether their procurement strategy is effective. Procurement decisions are made and auctioned locally, and no central budgets are produced.

You have been asked by the directors to review the procurement and other strategies of the company.

Required:

Identify and explain the potential business risks arising from the above procurement and other strategies. Suggest controls and strategies that the management of Moovy Magic could instigate to mitigate those business risks. (9 Marks)

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SCS – May 2020 – L3 – Q5 – Strategy implementation

Identify and explain the specific risks faced by Customer Focused Ltd in the proposed contract with Look and Like Ltd.

Customer Focused Ltd has received a proposal from a potential supplier, Look and Like
Ltd, to provide fresh produce (Exhibit 2a) and is considering whether to accept. Kpakpo
Armah has written a note (Exhibit 2b) about Look and Like Ltd.
Required:
Using the information available, including information you feel relevant from your answer
to Section A:

Identify and explain the specific risks faced by Customer Focused Ltd in the proposed contract.

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SCS – Apr 2022 – L3 – Q5 – Identifying and assessing risk

Discuss eight business risks faced by HPC and recommend mitigation strategies based on the Turnbull Report.

In their Annual Business Review meeting, the Board of HPC discussed a report on Internal Controls and Risk Management, presented by the Internal Auditor. The Board Chairman in his comments mentioned that he would have been more comfortable with a Risk Management report categorized according to the Turnbull Report.

Required:
With reference to the Turnbull Report and the comments made by the Board Chairman, write a report discussing EIGHT (8) categories of business risks faced by HPC and recommendations to mitigate the identified risks. (20 marks)

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BMF – May 2022 – L1 – SA – Q16 – The Business Environment

Identifying a non-disadvantage of offshore outsourcing.

The following are described as part of the disadvantages to offshore outsourcing, EXCEPT
A. Publicity for transferring jobs to other countries
B. Core competences
C. Political risk
D. Language differences
E. Poor communication

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AA – May 2020 – L2 – Q1b – Audit Failure and Expectation Gap

Identify and explain business risks in the provided scenario.

Unbalanced and Co. Ltd. is a trading company at Abossey Okai. It deals in auto parts. It is owned by a husband and wife; Divine and Grace. Divine travels to South Korea twice a year to buy auto parts for the business whilst Grace runs the day-to-day administration of the shop.

Divine borrows (loans) from friends to add up to the company’s money to buy parts when he travels. These loans are repaid when the goods are sold back home. The loans are not receipted. Some of the loans are banked, others are not. The company’s money and the loans collected are changed into foreign currency, some through the bank, and others not through the bank. The company does not keep receipts for air tickets, hotel bills, and the expenses made by the owners. However, Divine can reel off what he paid without batting an eyelid.

Import duties are paid by bankers’ drafts, so those are clearly stated in the bank statements. Grace has a notebook in which she enters the daily sales but the records in the book are scanty. However, all import invoices are properly filed. Most of the sales are banked and the bank statements are readily available. Grace is assisted by one attendant.

The success of the business, you understand, depends on the vigilance and strictness of the owners.

Required:
i) Identify the business risks in the passage and explain why they are risks. (10 marks)

ii) What general factors would you consider when planning the audit? (5 marks)

 

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AA – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q1b – Audit and Assurance Risk Environment

Discusses six business risks faced by an audit firm when auditing a technology retailer.

Mogya Bi Accounting Firm is the Auditors of Abronyeh Enterprise (Abronyeh), a retailer selling computers, phones, and other high-technology equipment. Abronyeh was set up just a year ago by its sole owner Adam Joseph. Adam Joseph has employed several bookkeepers to help him with accounting records and the preparation of financial statements, and the most recent one has just left. In order to start the business, Adam Joseph re-mortgaged his house and, in addition, took out a business loan. As part of the loan agreement, Adam Joseph is obliged to provide a copy of the annual financial statement.

Required:
Explain SIX (6) business risks that Mogya Bi Accounting Firm faces when conducting the audit of Abronyeh and explain why they could be identified as risks.

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AAA – Nov 2019 – L3 – Q2 – The audit approach, Planning, Audit evidence

Evaluate five business risks facing Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) during audit planning.

Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) is a large company, operating in the retail industry, with a year ended 31 December 2018. You are a manager in Jen & Co, responsible for the audit of Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL), and you have recently attended a planning meeting with Olivia Danso, the finance director of the company. As this is the first year that your firm will be acting as auditor for Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL), you need to gain an understanding of the business risks facing the new client. Notes from your meeting are as follows:

Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) sells clothing, with a strategy of selling high fashion items under the RSCL brand name. New ranges of clothes are introduced to stores every eight weeks. The company relies on a team of highly skilled designers to develop new fashion ranges. The designers must be able to anticipate and quickly respond to changes in consumer preferences. There is a high staff turnover in the design team.

Most sales are made in-store, but there is also a very popular catalogue, from which customers can place an order online, or over the phone. The company has recently upgraded the computer system and improved the website, at significant cost, in order to integrate the website sales directly into the general ledger, and to provide an easier interface for customers to use when ordering and entering their credit card details. The new online sales system has allowed overseas sales for the first time.

The system for phone ordering has recently been outsourced. The contract for outsourcing went out to tender and Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) awarded the contract to the company offering the least cost. The company providing the service uses an overseas phone call centre where staff costs are very low.

Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) has recently joined the Ethical Trading Initiative. This is a ‘fair-trade’ initiative, which means that any products bearing the RSCL brand name must have been produced in a manner which is clean and safe for employees, and minimises the environmental impact of the manufacturing process. A significant advertising campaign promoting Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL)’s involvement with this initiative has recently taken place. The RSCL brand name was purchased a number of years ago and is recognised at cost as an intangible asset, which is not amortised. The brand represents 12% of the total assets recognised on the statement of financial position.

The company owns numerous distribution centres, some of which operate close to residential areas. A licence to operate the distribution centres is issued by each local government authority in which a centre is located. One of the conditions of the licence is that deliveries must only take place between 8 am and 6 pm. The authority also monitors the noise level of each centre, and can revoke the operating licence if a certain noise limit is breached. Two licences were revoked for a period of three months during the year.

To help your business understanding, Olivia Danso has e-mailed to you extracts from the draft statement of comprehensive income, and the relevant comparative figures, which are shown below.

Extract from draft Statement of Comprehensive Income
Year ending 31 December

Revenue: Retail outlets 2018 Draft (GH¢ million) 2017 Actual (GH¢ million)
Phone and on-line sales 1,030 1,140
Total revenue 425 395
Operating profit 1,455 1,535
Finance costs 245 275
Profit before tax (25) (22)
Profit before tax 220 253

Additional Information:

Number of stores 2018 Draft 2017 Actual
Number of stores 210 208
Average revenue per store GH¢ 4·905 mn GH¢ 5·77 mn
Number of phone orders 680,000 790,000
Number of on-line orders 1,020,000 526,667
Average spend per order GH¢ 250 GH¢ 300

Required:

a) Prepare briefing notes to be used at a planning meeting with your audit team, in which you evaluate FIVE (5) business risks facing Retail Specialist Co. Ltd (RSCL) to be considered when planning the final audit for the year ended 31 December 2018.

(10 marks)

b) Using the information provided, identify and explain FIVE (5) risks of material misstatements that may affect the financial statements you are going to audit. (10 marks)

 

 

 

 

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AAA – May 2018 – L3 – Q5a – The audit approach, Planning

Identifying and managing business risks facing Citilink Airlines, including leasing, service suspension, and onboard services.

Citilink Airlines was given an exclusive right by the Ministry of Aviation (MOA) to provide twice weekly direct flights between Accra and Johannesburg. The introduction of this service has been well advertised as ‘efficient and timely’ in national newspapers. The journey time between Accra and Johannesburg is expected to be significantly reduced, so as to encourage tourism and business development opportunities in Johannesburg. Citilink Airlines operates a refurbished 35-year-old aircraft which is leased from an international airline and registered with the MOA. The MOA requires that engines be overhauled every two years. Engine overhauls are expected to put the aircraft out of commission for several weeks. The aircraft is configured to carry 15 First Class, 50 Business Class, and 76 Economy Class passengers. The aircraft has a package to reserve holding capacity for Johannesburg’s numerous horticultural growers (e.g., cocoa, cashew, and fruits) and general cargo.

The six-hour journey offers an in-flight movie, a meal, hot and cold drinks, and tax-free shopping. All meals are prepared in Accra under a contract with an airport catering company. Passengers are invited to complete a ‘satisfaction’ questionnaire which is included with the in-flight entertainment and shopping guide. Responses received show that passengers are generally least satisfied with the quality of the food – especially on the Johannesburg to Accra flight. Citilink Airlines employs ten full-time cabin crew attendants who are trained in air-stewardship including passenger safety in the event of an accident and illness. Flight personnel (the captain and co-pilots) are provided under a contract with the international airline from which the aircraft is leased. At the end of each flight, the captain completes a timesheet detailing the crew and actual flight time. Citilink Airlines was incorporated in South Africa, whose capital town is Johannesburg on March 1, 2017, and now operates in Ghana whose capital town is Accra. Ticket sales are made by Citilink Airlines and travel agents in South Africa and Ghana. On a number of occasions, Economy seating has been over-booked. Customers who have been affected by this have been accommodated in Business Class as there is much less demand for this, and even less for First Class. Ticket prices for each class depend on many factors, for example, whether the tickets are refundable/non-refundable, exchangeable/non-exchangeable, single or return, mid-week or weekend, and the time of booking. Citilink’s insurance cover includes passenger liability, freight/baggage, and compensation insurance. Premiums for passenger liability insurance are determined on the basis of passenger miles flown.

Required:
i) Identify and explain FIVE business risks facing Citilink Airlines. (5 marks)
ii) Describe how the risks identified in (a) could be managed and maintained at an acceptable level by Citilink Airlines. (5 marks)

(Note. Assume it is 31 December 2017)

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