Question Tag: Audit Procedures

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2022 – L3 – Q3 – Audit of Prospective Financial Information

Discuss auditor assurance work on prospective financial information, cash flow forecast procedures, and forming an opinion on PFI.

Tijara Nigeria Limited has a credit facility of N6 million with Godiya Bank. The facility was due to expire on December 31, 2021. The overdraft in the recently audited statement of financial position as at September 30, 2021 is N5.5 million. The directors of Tijara have started negotiations with their bankers for a renewal of the facility and to increase the amount to N9 million. To support this request, the bank has asked Tijara to provide a business plan for the coming twelve months consisting of a cash flow forecast supported by a forecast income statement and statement of financial position.

The management of Tijara has produced a cash flow forecast for the period October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022, and, at the request of the bank, has asked an auditor to examine and report on it.

The Audit Manager, who has recently completed Tijara’s audit, has been asked to make a preliminary examination of the cash flow forecast and supporting materials. The manager has made the following observations:

  1. The cash flows from sales are based on the assumption of an overall increase in sales of 24% compared to the previous financial year. Analysis shows that this is based on an increase in selling price of 5% and an increase in the volume of sales of 18%. Just over a quarter of all Tijara sales are made to foreign customers.
  2. The cost of sales in the recently audited comprehensive income to September 30, 2021, was 80% of sales revenue, giving a gross profit of 20%. In the forecast income statement for the year to September 30, 2022, the cost of sales has fallen to 72%, giving a gross profit of 28%. Manufacturing costs are made up of equal proportions of materials, labor, and production overheads.
  3. The trade receivables collection period used in the cash flow forecast to September 30, 2022, is 61 days. In the year to September 30, 2021, this period averaged 93 days. Management has stated that it is its intention to inform all customers of a new standard 60-day credit period. In addition, an early settlement discount of 1% will apply to customers who settle their accounts within 30 days of the statement. Conversely, the credit period for trade payables has been extended from an average of 45 days in the current year to 90 days in the forecast.
  4. The cash flow forecast showed that the maximum credit required during the period would rise to nearly N9 million in August 2022.

Required:

a. Describe the general approach to the assurance work an auditor should consider before accepting the engagement of a reporting accountant on Prospective Financial Information (PFI) under ISAE 3400: The Examination of Prospective Financial Information. (8 Marks)

b. Detail the procedures applicable to the cash flow forecast of Tijara for the year to September 30, 2022. (7 Marks)

c. Prepare a summarized presentation of what the reporting accountant should consider in forming an opinion on prospective financial information (PFI). (5 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2023 – L3 – Q5 – Audit Completion and Final Review

Discuss reasons for reviewing predecessor auditor’s work, audit procedures for sufficient evidence, and actions for insufficient audit evidence.

Vigo Microfinance Bank Limited was incorporated on July 1, 2014, as a public limited company under the Companies and Allied Matters Act. The bank obtained a Microfinance banking license from the Central Bank on August 5, 2015, to operate on a nationwide basis and commenced business operation on September 5, 2015. The bank’s principal business is to provide microfinance banking and related services to the poor and underserved segment of society to alleviate poverty under the Microfinance Institutions Ordinance.

In 2019, the bank decided to convert to a commercial bank and commenced business operations on August 10, 2019, after final approval from the regulator. As of December 31, 2019, the bank had five branches (2016: 24) in the Federal Capital and four other major geopolitical zones in the country.

With the new commercial banking license, the bank employed the services of F.K. George Professional Services to audit its financial statements. As part of the activities to be carried out on the initial engagement, the external auditors began a review of the books of account of the predecessor auditor, and the following issues emerged:

  1. Some property, plant, and equipment in the books of account and prior year financial statements had negative net carrying amounts.
  2. The basis for impairment included in prior year financial statements regarding loans and advances could not be established from the working papers.
  3. A material amount of pre-operating expenses included in receivables schedules could not be satisfactorily explained.
  4. Audit work performed on interest income in the prior year was not supported by sufficient appropriate audit evidence.
  5. Details of outstanding tax liabilities could not be provided, as the amount in the financial statements was the figure supplied by the tax consultant, and not reviewed by the former external auditor.
  6. There was no satisfactory explanation for nil balances in prior year financial statements on contingent liabilities, as no evidence existed that requests for confirmation were made from solicitors of the bank.
  7. Details of contraventions included in the examiner’s report were not considered for disclosures in the financial statements.

The Central Bank is requesting the financial statements of the bank, and management is worried about delays in releasing the financial statements by the new external auditors despite several notifications and reminders.

The Chief Finance Officer of the bank complained to you, as a member of the engagement team, about the delay in concluding the audit. He argued that your firm should not be concerned about prior period financial statement issues, as your firm did not express an opinion on them. Furthermore, the responsibility for the financial statements lies with the board of directors.

Required:

(a) Discuss why your firm needs to carry out the above exercise. (3 Marks)

(b) Analyze the nature and extent of audit procedures necessary to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence. (8 Marks)

(c) Evaluate what your firm might likely do in case of inability to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence from the exercise. (4 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q5 – Regulatory Framework and Professional Standards

Identify steps and procedural actions auditors take under ISA 250 to ensure compliance with laws and regulations.

In compliance with ISA 250 “Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements,” the auditor shall conduct the audit in a manner that gives them confidence that the client has met all legal requirements of the country in which it operates.

As the Audit Partner in charge of APB Manufacturing Plc, you are required to:

a. Identify and clarify SIX steps that ISA 250 requires of you in ascertaining that the company complies with all applicable laws and regulations. (9 Marks)
b. State and explain FOUR procedural actions you will take in the event that the company failed to comply, in material areas, with applicable laws and regulations. (6 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2013 – L3 – A – Q4 – Audit Reporting

This question tests understanding of the primary purpose of audit working papers.

The primary purpose of audit working papers is to
A. Support the underlying concepts included in the preparations of the basic financial statements
B. Aid the auditors in adequately planning their work
C. Aid the auditors in adequately circularising the client’s debtors
D. Provide a point of reference for future audit engagements
E. Identify area of weaknesses so as to conduct extended substantive and compliance tests

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SA – Q13 – Audit Reporting

Determining the correct date to include on an audit report.

The auditor should always date the audit report on a date:

A. The financial statements were approved
B. After the directors have approved the financial statements
C. When the directors approved the audit work
D. The audit assignment was completed
E. The audit commenced

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SA – Q10 – Audit of Complex Transactions

Identifying irrelevant ledger accounts in a payroll journal review.

In order to review a payroll journal, the auditor is NOT likely to interface with which of the following ledger accounts?

A. Pay As You Earn
B. Pension
C. Staff loans
D. Current Assets
E. National Health Insurance

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SB – Q5 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Identifies going concern symptoms, audit procedures for evaluating going concern, and factors to assess continuation potential.

When a company is experiencing going concern problems, it may exhibit various financial and non-financial symptoms.

Required:

(a) State FIVE financial and FIVE non-financial going concern symptoms.
(5 Marks)

(b) State the audit procedures you would adopt as an auditor to determine whether a client company is experiencing going concern problems.
(6 Marks)

(c) What other factors would you consider in assessing if the company can continue despite the going concern issues?
(4 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q18 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Definition of audit procedures for recording transactions in the correct period.

The audit procedures that ensure that transactions are recorded in the period to which they belong are known as…………………….

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q11 – Regulatory Framework and Professional Standards

Definition of audit procedure statements by accountancy bodies.

Statements by professional accountancy bodies stating the basic procedures to be adopted when conducting an audit assignment are called………………..

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2020 – Q5b – Reporting, Evaluation and Review

Discuss the impact of unresolved audit issues on the audit report and recommend completion stage procedures for two client scenarios.

You are the audit manager of Onipa Hia & Co., a local firm of Chartered Accountants located in Adabraka in the Greater Accra Region. You are currently reviewing the audit files for several of your clients for which the audit fieldwork is complete. The Audit Senior has raised the following issues:

African Designs Co. Ltd (ADCL)
ADCL’s year-end is 30 September; however, subsequent to the year-end, the company’s sales ledger has been corrupted by a computer virus. ADCL’s Finance Director was able to produce the financial statements prior to this occurring; however, the audit team has been unable to access the sales ledger to undertake detailed testing of revenue or year-end receivables. All other accounting records are unaffected, and there are no backups available for the sales ledger. ADCL’s revenue is GH¢15.6 million, its receivables are GH¢3.4 million, and profit before tax is GH¢2 million.

Ghana Design Co. Ltd (GDCL)
GDCL has experienced difficult trading conditions, and as a result, it has lost significant market share. The cash flow forecast has been reviewed during the audit fieldwork, and it shows a significant net cash outflow. Management is confident that further funding can be obtained and so have prepared the financial statements on a going concern basis with no additional disclosures; the Audit Senior is highly skeptical about this. The prior year’s financial statements showed a profit before tax of GH¢1.2 million; however, the current year’s loss before tax is GH¢4.4 million, and the forecast net cash outflow for the next 12 months is GH¢3.2 million.

Required:
For each of the two issues:
i) Describe the impact on the audit report if the issues remain unresolved. (5 marks)
ii) Recommend procedures the audit team should undertake at the completion stage to try to resolve the issue. (5 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2020 – L3 – Q5a – The regulatory environment

Analyze the factors influencing the development of new auditing standards and discuss the procedures involved in their creation.

The auditing profession is very dynamic and constantly confronted with new challenges emanating from the political and economic spheres. To meet these challenges the global authority responsible for the regulation of accountancy profession, The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has been ensuring that the standards for conduct of audit and assurance engagements are revised and brought up to date all the time.

Required:

i) Analyze the factors that influence the development of new Auditing Standards. (6 marks)

ii) Discuss the procedures for developing new Auditing Standards. (4 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2020 – L3 – Q3 – Audit evidence, Evaluation and review

Discusses audit procedures for accounting estimates, the appropriateness of written representations, and additional audit procedures.

GGC Co. Ltd (GGCL) specializes in manufacturing equipment which can help to reduce toxic emissions in the production of chemicals. The company has grown rapidly over the past eight years, and this is partly due to the warranties that the company gives to its customers. It guarantees its products for five years, and if problems arise during this period, it undertakes to fix them or provide a replacement.

You are the manager responsible for the audit of GGCL, and you are performing the final review stage of the audit and have come across the following issues:

Receivable balance owing from Nhyira Co. Ltd
GGCL has a material receivable balance owed by its customer, Nhyira Co. Ltd. During the year-end audit, your team reviewed the aging of this balance and found that no payments had been received from Nhyira Co. Ltd for over six months. GGCL would not allow this balance to be circularized. Instead, management has assured your team that they will provide a written representation confirming that the balance is recoverable.

Warranty provision
The warranty provision included within the statement of financial position is material. The audit team has performed testing over the calculations and assumptions which are consistent with prior years. The team has requested a written representation from management confirming that the basis and amount of the provision are reasonable. Management is yet to confirm acceptance of this representation.

Required:

  1. Describe the audit procedures required in respect of accounting estimates.
    (8 marks)
  2. For each of the two issues above:
    i) Discuss the appropriateness of written representations as a form of audit evidence; and
    (6 marks)
    ii) Describe additional procedures the auditor should now perform in order to reach a conclusion on the balance to be included in the financial statements.
    (6 marks)

(Total: 20 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q3b – Audit approach, Government external audit and public accountability

Discussing the importance of environmental issues in an audit and how to carry out an environmental audit.

Eco-Essence is a limited liability company set up to produce water and pharmaceutical products. Currently, it produces only sachet water. It has all the necessary certifications for production, including that of the Food and Drug Authority (FDA), Environmental Protection Agency, and District Assembly. The company operates from a quasi-residential area. Of late, the residents of the area have been complaining of an increase in the noise levels from the plant, pollution as a result of the sachet water rubbers, wastewater from the plant making some part of the community marshy, and deterioration of the quality of the roads due to the weight of heavy-duty vehicles.

Required:
i) Briefly outline why environmental issues are important to you in the audit of Eco-Essence. (3 marks)

ii) Discuss how you will carry out an environmental audit on Eco-Essence. (7 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q2b – Practice management, Professional responsibility and liability

Discussion of quality control procedures applicable to audit engagements and challenges in small firms

The International Standard on Quality Control (ISQC) deals with a firm’s responsibilities for its system of quality control for audits and review of financial statements, and other assurance and related services engagements.

Required:
i) Identify and describe FOUR (4) quality control procedures that are applicable to an audit engagement. (8 marks)

ii) Discuss TWO (2) problems that may be faced in implementing quality control procedures in a small firm of Chartered Accountants. (2 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – April 2022 – L3 – Q4a – Government external audit and public accountability, Public sector audit

Discuss the factors an auditor considers in determining the going concern assumption of a public sector entity.

Going concern assumption is important in financial audit, without which an entity being audited is viewed as not operating into a foreseeable future. In the public sector, going concern is also assumed, though the assumption may be different from financial considerations.

Required: Discuss the factors an auditor will consider in determining the going concern assumption of a public sector entity. (10 marks)

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  • 4 Marks

AAA – April 2022 – L3 – Q3b – Evaluation and review

Explain the additional audit work required for a fine imposed by the Environmental Agency after the audit report was signed.

Assume that the date is now 10 December 2020, the financial statements and the audit report have just been signed, and the Annual General Meeting is to take place on 10 January 2021. The Environmental Agency has issued a report on 28 December 2020 stating that Aseda is in breach of environmental legislation and a fine of GH¢800,000 will now be levied on the company. The amount is material to the financial statements.

Required: Explain the additional audit work the auditor should carry out in respect of this fine. (4 marks)

 

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  • 12 Marks

AAA – April 2022 – L3 – Q3a Evaluation and review

Explain the reporting implications and auditors' responsibilities for events after the reporting period for Aseda Manufacturer Ltd.

Aseda Manufacturer Ltd (Aseda) is one of the established businesses in the manufacturing sector. The company has received different awards over the past decade. Aseda’s year-end was 30 September 2020. The audit of Aseda is nearly complete, and the financial statements and the audit report are due to be signed in a few days. However, the following additional information on two material events has just been presented to the auditor on 3 December 2020.

  1. Event 1:
    This event occurred on 10 November 2020. Production at the Aluta factory was halted for one day when a truck carrying dye used in colouring the fabric on mattresses reversed into a metal pylon, crashing the vehicle and causing dye to spread across the factory premises and into a local river. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of Ghana is currently considering whether the release of the dye was in breach of environmental legislation. The company’s insurers have not yet commented on the event.
  2. Event 2:
    This event occurred on 19 October 2020. The springs in a new type of mattress have been found to be defective, making the mattress unsafe for use. There have been no sales of this mattress as it was due to be marketed in the next few weeks. The company’s insurers estimate that inventory worth GH¢600,000 has been affected. The insurers also estimate that the mattresses are now only worth GH¢100,000. No claim can be made against the supplier of springs as this company is in liquidation with no prospect of any amounts being paid to third parties. The insurers will not pay Aseda for the fall in value of the inventory as the company was underinsured. All of this inventory was in the finished goods store at the end of the year and no movements of inventory have been recorded post year-end.

Required: a) For each of the two events above: i) Explain the reporting implication of the issues in accordance with IAS 10: Events after the Reporting Period. (4 marks)
ii) Explain the auditors’ responsibility and the audit procedures that should be carried out in accordance with ISA 560: Subsequent Events. (12 marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2020 – L3 – Q2a – Planning | Audit Evidence | Evaluation and Review

Identify and explain significant audit risks and other matters when planning the final audit for Manuf Co. for the year ended 31 March 2019.

Using the information provided, identify and explain the significant audit risks, and any other matters to be considered when planning the final audit for Manuf Co. for the year ended 31 March 2019. (15 marks)

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