Question Tag: Audit Procedures

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2022 – L3 – Q3 – Audit of Prospective Financial Information

Discuss auditor assurance work on prospective financial information, cash flow forecast procedures, and forming an opinion on PFI.

Tijara Nigeria Limited has a credit facility of N6 million with Godiya Bank. The facility was due to expire on December 31, 2021. The overdraft in the recently audited statement of financial position as at September 30, 2021 is N5.5 million. The directors of Tijara have started negotiations with their bankers for a renewal of the facility and to increase the amount to N9 million. To support this request, the bank has asked Tijara to provide a business plan for the coming twelve months consisting of a cash flow forecast supported by a forecast income statement and statement of financial position.

The management of Tijara has produced a cash flow forecast for the period October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022, and, at the request of the bank, has asked an auditor to examine and report on it.

The Audit Manager, who has recently completed Tijara’s audit, has been asked to make a preliminary examination of the cash flow forecast and supporting materials. The manager has made the following observations:

  1. The cash flows from sales are based on the assumption of an overall increase in sales of 24% compared to the previous financial year. Analysis shows that this is based on an increase in selling price of 5% and an increase in the volume of sales of 18%. Just over a quarter of all Tijara sales are made to foreign customers.
  2. The cost of sales in the recently audited comprehensive income to September 30, 2021, was 80% of sales revenue, giving a gross profit of 20%. In the forecast income statement for the year to September 30, 2022, the cost of sales has fallen to 72%, giving a gross profit of 28%. Manufacturing costs are made up of equal proportions of materials, labor, and production overheads.
  3. The trade receivables collection period used in the cash flow forecast to September 30, 2022, is 61 days. In the year to September 30, 2021, this period averaged 93 days. Management has stated that it is its intention to inform all customers of a new standard 60-day credit period. In addition, an early settlement discount of 1% will apply to customers who settle their accounts within 30 days of the statement. Conversely, the credit period for trade payables has been extended from an average of 45 days in the current year to 90 days in the forecast.
  4. The cash flow forecast showed that the maximum credit required during the period would rise to nearly N9 million in August 2022.

Required:

a. Describe the general approach to the assurance work an auditor should consider before accepting the engagement of a reporting accountant on Prospective Financial Information (PFI) under ISAE 3400: The Examination of Prospective Financial Information. (8 Marks)

b. Detail the procedures applicable to the cash flow forecast of Tijara for the year to September 30, 2022. (7 Marks)

c. Prepare a summarized presentation of what the reporting accountant should consider in forming an opinion on prospective financial information (PFI). (5 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2023 – L3 – Q5 – Audit Completion and Final Review

Discuss reasons for reviewing predecessor auditor’s work, audit procedures for sufficient evidence, and actions for insufficient audit evidence.

Vigo Microfinance Bank Limited was incorporated on July 1, 2014, as a public limited company under the Companies and Allied Matters Act. The bank obtained a Microfinance banking license from the Central Bank on August 5, 2015, to operate on a nationwide basis and commenced business operation on September 5, 2015. The bank’s principal business is to provide microfinance banking and related services to the poor and underserved segment of society to alleviate poverty under the Microfinance Institutions Ordinance.

In 2019, the bank decided to convert to a commercial bank and commenced business operations on August 10, 2019, after final approval from the regulator. As of December 31, 2019, the bank had five branches (2016: 24) in the Federal Capital and four other major geopolitical zones in the country.

With the new commercial banking license, the bank employed the services of F.K. George Professional Services to audit its financial statements. As part of the activities to be carried out on the initial engagement, the external auditors began a review of the books of account of the predecessor auditor, and the following issues emerged:

  1. Some property, plant, and equipment in the books of account and prior year financial statements had negative net carrying amounts.
  2. The basis for impairment included in prior year financial statements regarding loans and advances could not be established from the working papers.
  3. A material amount of pre-operating expenses included in receivables schedules could not be satisfactorily explained.
  4. Audit work performed on interest income in the prior year was not supported by sufficient appropriate audit evidence.
  5. Details of outstanding tax liabilities could not be provided, as the amount in the financial statements was the figure supplied by the tax consultant, and not reviewed by the former external auditor.
  6. There was no satisfactory explanation for nil balances in prior year financial statements on contingent liabilities, as no evidence existed that requests for confirmation were made from solicitors of the bank.
  7. Details of contraventions included in the examiner’s report were not considered for disclosures in the financial statements.

The Central Bank is requesting the financial statements of the bank, and management is worried about delays in releasing the financial statements by the new external auditors despite several notifications and reminders.

The Chief Finance Officer of the bank complained to you, as a member of the engagement team, about the delay in concluding the audit. He argued that your firm should not be concerned about prior period financial statement issues, as your firm did not express an opinion on them. Furthermore, the responsibility for the financial statements lies with the board of directors.

Required:

(a) Discuss why your firm needs to carry out the above exercise. (3 Marks)

(b) Analyze the nature and extent of audit procedures necessary to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence. (8 Marks)

(c) Evaluate what your firm might likely do in case of inability to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence from the exercise. (4 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q5 – Regulatory Framework and Professional Standards

Identify steps and procedural actions auditors take under ISA 250 to ensure compliance with laws and regulations.

In compliance with ISA 250 “Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements,” the auditor shall conduct the audit in a manner that gives them confidence that the client has met all legal requirements of the country in which it operates.

As the Audit Partner in charge of APB Manufacturing Plc, you are required to:

a. Identify and clarify SIX steps that ISA 250 requires of you in ascertaining that the company complies with all applicable laws and regulations. (9 Marks)
b. State and explain FOUR procedural actions you will take in the event that the company failed to comply, in material areas, with applicable laws and regulations. (6 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2013 – L3 – A – Q4 – Audit Reporting

This question tests understanding of the primary purpose of audit working papers.

The primary purpose of audit working papers is to
A. Support the underlying concepts included in the preparations of the basic financial statements
B. Aid the auditors in adequately planning their work
C. Aid the auditors in adequately circularising the client’s debtors
D. Provide a point of reference for future audit engagements
E. Identify area of weaknesses so as to conduct extended substantive and compliance tests

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SA – Q13 – Audit Reporting

Determining the correct date to include on an audit report.

The auditor should always date the audit report on a date:

A. The financial statements were approved
B. After the directors have approved the financial statements
C. When the directors approved the audit work
D. The audit assignment was completed
E. The audit commenced

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SA – Q10 – Audit of Complex Transactions

Identifying irrelevant ledger accounts in a payroll journal review.

In order to review a payroll journal, the auditor is NOT likely to interface with which of the following ledger accounts?

A. Pay As You Earn
B. Pension
C. Staff loans
D. Current Assets
E. National Health Insurance

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SB – Q5 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Identifies going concern symptoms, audit procedures for evaluating going concern, and factors to assess continuation potential.

When a company is experiencing going concern problems, it may exhibit various financial and non-financial symptoms.

Required:

(a) State FIVE financial and FIVE non-financial going concern symptoms.
(5 Marks)

(b) State the audit procedures you would adopt as an auditor to determine whether a client company is experiencing going concern problems.
(6 Marks)

(c) What other factors would you consider in assessing if the company can continue despite the going concern issues?
(4 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q18 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Definition of audit procedures for recording transactions in the correct period.

The audit procedures that ensure that transactions are recorded in the period to which they belong are known as…………………….

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q11 – Regulatory Framework and Professional Standards

Definition of audit procedure statements by accountancy bodies.

Statements by professional accountancy bodies stating the basic procedures to be adopted when conducting an audit assignment are called………………..

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2021 – L3 – Q2 – Audit evidence | Evaluation and review

Recommend audit procedures for validating accounting estimates, evaluate the appropriateness of written representations, and assess the impact of management's refusal to provide representations on the audit report.

Oliso Private Company Ltd has been operating in the manufacturing sector for over a decade. One of its major products is manufacturing equipment, which can reduce toxic emissions in the production of chemicals. The company recently employed a new marketing manager who introduced a series of marketing initiatives. This has resulted in significant growth of the company since the appointment of the marketing manager. One of the initiatives is the warranties that the company gives to its customers. The company guarantees its products for three years, and if problems arise within the period, it undertakes to fix them or provide a replacement for the product.

You are the Senior Manager recently engaged by Integrity Audit Consult responsible for Oliso Private Company Ltd’s audit. You are performing the final review as required by ISA 520 Analytical procedures for the audit and have come across the following issues.

Receivable balance due from Obey Company Ltd: Oliso Private Company Ltd has a material receivable balance due from a customer named Obey Company Ltd. During the year-end audit, your team reviewed the ageing of this balance and found that no payments had been received from Obey Company Ltd for over eight months. Oliso Private Company Ltd however would not allow this balance to be included in the list of balances to be circulated. Instead, management has assured your team that they will provide a written representation confirming that the balance is recoverable.

Warranty provision: The warranty provision included in the statement of financial position is material. The audit team has performed testing over the calculations and assumptions, which are consistent with prior years. The team has requested a written representation from management confirming the basis and amount of the provision. Management is yet to confirm acceptance of the need to issue this representation.

Required:

a) Recommend THREE (3) audit procedures to validate the accounting estimates. (5 marks)

b) For each of the two issues above:

i) Evaluate the appropriateness of written representations as a form of audit evidence. (4 marks)

ii) Describe TWO (2) additional procedures the auditor should perform to conclude on the balances to be included in the financial statements. (6 marks)

c) The directors of Oliso Private Company Ltd have decided not to provide the audit firm with the written representation for the warranty provision as they feel it is unnecessary.

Required:

Explain the steps the auditor of Oliso Private Company Ltd should take to assess the impact of management’s refusal to provide a written representation on the auditor’s report. (5 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q5a – Audit-related services | Practice management

Compare and contrast the audit of completed financial statements with the review of interim financial statements, focusing on key differences and similarities.

Your audit firm has been the statutory auditors for Apenkwa Co. Ltd. for the last three years. The company prepares its financial statements to December 31 each year. Due to the size of the company, it has been the practice of the client to prepare interim financial information to June 30 every year. At the request of the client, you have been reviewing the interim financial information each year it is prepared.

Required:

Compare and contrast the audit of completed financial statements and the review of interim financial statements. (10 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q4a – Assurance services | Professional responsibility and liability

Discuss the considerations before accepting an engagement to certify benchmark petroleum revenue and the issues related to relying on an independent expert’s certification.

Your firm has been contracted by the Office of the Auditor General (AG) of Ghana to provide the Ministry of Finance (MoF) with the certification of the Projection of Benchmark Petroleum Revenue for 2016.

The Petroleum Revenue Management Act (PRMA), 2011 (Act 815) became law in Ghana on 11 April 2011, and Section 17 of the PRMA requires the Minister responsible for Finance to make a projection of the amount of petroleum revenue that would accrue to the Government of Ghana in the coming year, not later than 1 September of each year.

The first schedule of the Act mandates an independent expert to certify the projection of the Benchmark Petroleum Revenue by the Minister before it would be used in the National Budget for the coming year.

The two major issues in the projection are the quantity of Oil and Gas expected and the world market price at which the oil and gas will be valued.

As part of the documents to be used in performing this assignment, MoF has given you:

  • Projection of the Benchmark Petroleum Revenue from oil and gas for 2016, and
  • Certification of the Estimate of the Oil and Gas production for 2016 from the existing and expected oil and gas producing fields in Ghana.

The first schedule of the Act prescribes a formula for the calculation of the Average Unit Price for Crude Oil and Natural Gas on the International Market to be used for the year. The certification in the Estimate of the Oil and Gas production was issued by an independent expert in the Oil and Gas industry.

Required:

i) State FOUR issues your firm will consider in order to decide whether or not to accept this engagement from the Office of the Auditor General. (4 marks)

ii) If your firm decides to accept the engagement, state FOUR issues your firm will consider in order to place reliance on the certification issued by the independent expert in the Oil and Gas industry in performing the engagement. (4 marks)

iii) State TWO audit procedures your firm would perform to determine that the Average Unit Price for Crude Oil and Natural Gas on the International Market for 2016 used by MoF in the Projection of the Benchmark Petroleum Revenue for 2016 is fairly stated. (2 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q3b – Assurance services | Audit-related services

Discuss the characteristics of auditing International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) and the steps required for a small audit firm to enter this market.

The number of international non-governmental organizations (charitable organizations) is increasing in Ghana, and your firm Zumah and Co. Chartered Accountants (a small firm) is contemplating entering that segment of the audit market. Your managing partner has asked you as an audit senior to conduct research on the audit of such entities to enable the firm to start bidding for jobs from those entities.

Required:

Write a memo to the engagement partner detailing the characteristics of such audit clients, what the firm needs to do, and the audit organization that your firm may need to join to enhance your chances of securing engagements to audit such entities.

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q1 – Planning | Audit evidence | Evaluation and review

Assess the audit implications of subsequent events involving bad debt and legal actions, describe subsequent events review, and recommend audit procedures for identifying material subsequent events.

You are the audit manager in charge of the audit of Serwah Ghanaba Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2014. The partner in charge of the audit instructs you to carry out a review of the company’s activities during the financial year end. The following issues came up during the review.

i) On 28 February 2015, Jessica Mensah, who owed the company GH¢500,000.00, was killed by some robbers on her way to Accra after a visit to her hometown. The amount was part of the GH¢800,000.00 debtors appearing on the statement of financial position for the year end 31 December 2014. It was realized that it will not be possible to recover the amount from the family of Jessica Mensah.

ii) In another development, the marketing director of the Company, Stephen Odoi, who was due to retire on 31 March 2015, embarked on a 6-month leave prior to retirement with effect from 1 October 2014. Investigation instituted in May 2015 revealed that Mr. Stephen Odoi took a contract appointment with another company from 1 November 2014. As a result of the investigation, the company decided to bring an action against Mr. Stephen Odoi to recover the salary paid to him from 1 November 2014 to 31 March 2015.

Required:

a) Assess the audit implications of issues (i) and (ii) above. (10 marks)

b) Describe the nature and purpose of subsequent events review. (5 marks)

c) Recommend the audit procedures which would be carried out in order to identify any material subsequent events. (5 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2016 – L3 – Q4b – Audit-related services | Planning

Suggest procedures for reviewing interim financial information for a company.

Dabiasem Insurance Company Ltd. prepares its annual financial statements to 31st December each year. Due to the magnitude of the transactions, interim financial statements for each half year are prepared at the end of June every year. This is done to facilitate the early completion and audit of the annual financial statements. Nhwehwem & Associates are the independent financial statement auditors of Dabiasem Insurance Co. Ltd. This year’s interim financial information has been prepared and is ready for review.

You are the audit senior of the auditing firm and the head of the audit team to carry out the review of the interim financial information.

Required:
Suggest the procedures you would use to carry out the review of the interim financial information.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – May 2016 – L3 – Q3b – Audit evidence | Planning

Outline procedures for reviewing the opening balances in draft financial statements.

Demonstrate how you will review the opening balances in the draft financial statements. (10 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – Nov 2023 – L3 – Q2 – Audit Evidence, Evaluation and Review

Discuss the need for financial statement amendments and audit procedures for three subsequent events: a lawsuit, a warehouse flood, and a receivable.

Omega Ltd was incorporated to engage in the production, supply and retail of sachet water. The final audit for the Financial Statements ending 31 December 2022 is nearly complete and it is proposed that the Financial Statements and Audit Report will be signed in March 2023. Revenue for the year is GH¢78 million and profit before tax is GH¢7.5 million. The following events have occurred subsequent to the end of the reporting year of the company.

  1. Lawsuit:
    A key supplier of Omega Ltd is suing them for breach of contract. The lawsuit was filed prior to the year end, and the sum claimed by the supplier is GH¢1 million. This has been disclosed as a contingent liability in the Notes to the Financial Statements. However, correspondence has just arrived from the supplier indicating that they are willing to settle the case for a payment by Omega Ltd of GH¢0.6 million. It is likely that the company will agree to this.
    (7 marks)
  2. Warehouse:
    Omega Ltd has three warehouses sited in different locations. Following extensive rain on 20 February, 2023, one of the warehouses was completely flooded and as a result, all inventory in the warehouse valued at GH¢1 million was damaged and has been disposed off. The insurance company has already been contacted. No amendments or disclosures have been made in the financial statements.
    (7 marks)
  3. Account Receivables:
    A customer of Omega Ltd has been experiencing cash flow problems and its year-end balance is GH¢0.3 million. The company has just become aware that its customer is experiencing significant going concern difficulties. Omega Ltd believes that as the company has been trading for many years, they will receive some, if not full payment from the customer, hence the receivables balance has not been adjusted.
    (6 marks)

Required:
Using the three issues above: a) Discuss whether the financial statements require amendment;
b) Describe audit procedures that should be performed in order to form a conclusion on the amendment; and
c) Explain the impact on the audit report should the issues remain unresolved.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q5b – Assurance Services | Audit Evidence

Evaluate the environmental issues that could lead to misstatements and recommend audit actions for J & K Mining Company.

J & K Mining Company operates in the Abuakwa Community of the Eastern Region as a Sand Wining Company. The youth of the area had been opposing the activities of the company of late. Sasana, the Managing Director of J & K Mining Company, approached Kaku & Associates, a Chartered Accounting firm, to accept an attest engagement to examine and report on the environmental issues of J & K Mining Company Ltd. for the year ended 31 December 2013.

Required:
i) Evaluate the environmental issues that may lead to the risk of misstatements in the Financial Statements. (3 marks)

ii) Recommend the actions and the audit procedures that Kaku and Associates should undertake when they realize that J & K Mining Company Ltd. has environmental issues that may affect the Financial Statements. (7 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q1b – Audit Evidence, The Audit Approach

Describe the auditor's procedures and evidence required in relation to related party transactions.

Central to a number of government investigations in various countries have been companies trading with organisations or individuals other than at arm’s length. Such transactions were made possible by a degree of control or influence exercised by directors over both parties. Directors are responsible for the identification of such related party relationship and transactions, however, the auditor has a responsibility of ensuring good reporting in that area.

You are the audit senior of an audit firm preparing to audit a group company and its subsidiaries and sub-subsidiaries, which also trade with companies owned by some directors of the parent company.

Required:
What procedures and evidence should the auditor consider to discharge his responsibility in relation to related party transactions?

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