Question Tag: Adjusting Events

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2014 – L2 – Q4 – Public Sector Financial Statements

Explanation of reporting vs. authorization dates, and types of events after reporting date with treatment examples.

The General National Communication Commission (GNCC) is the sub-regulatory body in the Communications industry. It is mandatory for the Board of GNCC to submit its Report/Financial statements to the Ministry of Communication before publication in accordance with IPSAS 14 (Events after the reporting date). The events occurring after the reporting date could be favourable and/or unfavourable.

You are required to:

a. Distinguish between the reporting date and authorization date of the financial statements, giving examples. (4 Marks)

b. Explain briefly the differences between Adjusting and Non-Adjusting events after the reporting date, giving TWO examples of each. (8 Marks)

c. Identify the events (occurring after the reporting date) in the following situations and explain briefly the treatment of each:

i. General National Communication Commission carries its inventories at the lower of cost and net realizable value. At 31 December 2013, the cost of inventory determined under the First In, First Out (FIFO) method as reported in its financial statement for the year ended was N5 million. Due to severe recession and negative economic trends, the inventory could not be sold in January 2014. On 10 February, GNCC entered into an agreement to sell the entire inventory for N3 million. (2 Marks)

ii. The statutory audit of GNCC for the year ended 31 December 2012 was completed on 28 February 2013. The Financial Statement was signed by the Chief Executive Officer on 8 March 2013 and approved on 10 April 2013. The following events have since occurred:

A special equipment costing N605,000 purchased on 1 September, 2012
was destroyed by fire on 31 December, 2012. GNCC had booked a
receivable of N508,000 from the insurance company in respect of this
claim. On completion of investigation by the insurance company, it was
discovered that the fire broke out due to negligence on the part of a
machine operator. Consequently, the insurance company repudiated
liability.

iii. A debtor owing N900,000 filed for bankruptcy on January 15, 2013. The financial statements had included an allowance for doubtful debts relating to this debtor for N60,000 only. (2 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

FR – May 2015 – L2 – SB – Q7 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Identify and explain events after the reporting period, discuss treatment of liquidation and dividends under IAS 10.

(a) There is usually a lead time between the end of an entity’s accounting year and when the financial statements are approved and signed off by the directors. In between this period, there are two types of events according to IAS 10-Events After The Reporting Period, which may require consideration when preparing financial statements.

Required:
Identify and explain these events and state how they are treated in the financial statements. (4 Marks)

(b) Company A is indebted to company B to the tune of N50,000,000. The financial year-end of company B is 30 June 2014. On 30 July 2014, company B received a letter from a liquidator advising it that company A has gone into insolvency. The letter revealed that company A ceased operations a month ago and that company B is only likely to receive a liquidation dividend of 20k for every naira owed by company A. It is the normal practice of company B’s board to approve the audited financial statements three months after the financial year end.

Required:

  1. Explain how the above transactions should be treated in the financial statements of company B in accordance with IAS 10-Events After The Reporting Period. (2 Marks)
  2. Prepare journal entries that are required to adjust company B’s financial statements to account for the above event. (2 Marks)
  3. State what would have been the treatment in the financial statements assuming it was fire that destroyed company B’s factory building on 30 July 2014. (3 Marks)

(c) The directors of XYZ Plc declared that a dividend of N1 per ordinary share be paid to shareholders on the company’s register as at 15 April 2014. The financial statements were approved by the company’s board on 30 May 2014. The shareholders, at the company’s annual general meeting held on 15 June 2014, approved the payment of the dividend to eligible shareholders on 1 July 2014.

Required:
Explain how the dividend proposed by the Directors should be treated in the financial statements of XYZ Plc in accordance with IAS 10. (4 Marks)

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  • 14 Marks

FR – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3b – Events After the Reporting Period (IAS 10)

Advise on accounting treatment for events after the reporting date in a company case study.

(b) The following events took place in Chakachaka Company Nig. Limited:

(i) Shortly after the financial year ended on June 30, 2018, but before the financial statements were authorized for issue, Chakachaka Nigeria Limited’s inventory was destroyed by a fire outbreak which resulted in a loss of N200 million.

(ii) The company’s financial year that ended June 30, 2018, shows an amount of N60 million due from one of its debtors, Mr. Onigbese. Chakachaka Nigeria Limited provided for impairment at June 30, 2018, of N15 million against the gross value of N60 million. On July 31, 2018, before the financial statements were authorized for issue, Mr. Onigbese was declared bankrupt and unable to pay the debt.

(iii) Chakachaka Nigeria Limited was sued on June 30, 2018, but the judgment was only handed down on July 21, 2018. The Company was found liable for damages and costs amounting to N31 million. On July 22, 2018, Chakachaka Nigeria Limited filed a claim with its insurers, and on July 29, 2018, it was notified that the insurer would only cover N26 million of the loss.

Required:
Prepare a brief memorandum advising the directors of Chakachaka Nigeria Limited on the accounting treatment and/or disclosure required as a result of the events in (i) to (iii) after the reporting date.

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  • 6 Marks

FR – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3a – Events After the Reporting Period (IAS 10)

Discussion of key concepts under IAS 10 related to events after the reporting period.

IAS 10 on events after the reporting period has two main objectives:

  • To specify when a company should adjust its financial statements for events that occur after the end of the reporting period.
  • To specify the disclosure that should be given about events that have occurred after the end of the reporting period but before the financial statements were authorized for issue.

Required:
Discuss the following key concepts under IAS 10:
i. Event after the reporting period
ii. Adjusting events
iii. Non-adjusting events

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Nov 2019 – L2 – Q4a – Completion Procedures and Reporting

Classifies subsequent events and indicates the required treatment in financial statements.

During the audit of Die Hard Company Limited, the following items were listed on the file divider under subsequent events:
i) Kodjo Armah, a major debtor for GH¢400,000 has been found to be insolvent.
ii) Large quantities of stocks were destroyed by fire in the first month after the reporting date.
iii) Judgment in respect of litigation that was ongoing before the year-end has been given against the company shortly after the end of the financial year. The judgment debt was GH¢5 million.
iv) Two customers had put in a claim in respect of goods sold to them under warranty before the year-end of GH¢300,000 and GH¢450,000 respectively. No provision was made for warranty claims in the financial statements.
v) The company issued fresh equity shares after the year-end. The number of shares was 2.5 million which generated GH¢5 million.

Required:
Classify the above items and indicate the treatment required in the financial statements.
(10 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Mar 2024 – L2 – Q5a – Completion Procedures and Reporting

Identify subsequent events and recommend auditor actions based on two scenarios for Benkum Ltd.

Atiko Audit firm is the external auditor of Benkum Ltd, a company operating in the oil and gas sector. Benkum Ltd is listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. On completing the audit for the year ended 31 December 2022, the following issues were brought to the attention of the senior partner:

  1. On 25 February 2023, Benkum agreed with the workers’ union to increase the pay of all its employees by 10%, backdated to 1 July 2022. No provision for this has been made in the financial statements.
  2. One of the company’s oil tankers shipwrecked at Cape Three Points on the western side of Ghana. There is a risk of serious oil spillage which could have a significant effect on the future of the company. Further information will not be available until after the auditor’s report has been signed.

Required:
i) State TWO (2) types of the event identified by ISA 560: Subsequent Events in relation to the scenario above. (2 marks)
ii) What further action should Atiko Audit firm take concerning each of the above issues? (8 marks)

 

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  • 4 Marks

FR – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q2d – Financial Statement Analysis

Discuss the effects of two events on the financial statements in accordance with IAS 10 Events after the Reporting Period.

Suame Ltd is a listed telecommunication company which prepares its financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2015 in accordance with IFRS. The financial statements are due to be authorised for issue on 15 January 2016.

  • i) Suame Ltd holds an investment in the shares of a listed company, Asafo Ltd. During November 2015 there was a material fall in the value of Asafo Ltd’s shares. Analysts attribute the fall in value principally to a fraud dating back to December 2014 that was discovered by Asafo Ltd’s management and announced publicly in November 2015.
  • ii) In December 2015, the directors of Suame Ltd publicly announced a plan to reduce the workforce by 10% as a result of worsening economic conditions.

Required:
Discuss the effects of each of the above items on the financial statements of Suame Ltd for the year ended 31 October 2015 in accordance with IAS 10 Events after the Reporting Period.

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  • 4 Marks

FR – Nov 2018 – L2 – Q2d- Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

This question tests the classification of events after the reporting period as either adjusting or non-adjusting.

The following events occurred after the year end, but before the financial statements were authorised for issue:

  1. Enactment by the government of a revised tax rate affecting the amount of the settlement of the deferred tax liability included in the financial statements.
  2. A share split in respect of the earnings per share calculation.
  3. Criteria being met in order to classify non-current assets as held for sale.
  4. A material, but not fundamental, error arising in the comparative figures.

Required:
In accordance with IAS 10: Events after the reporting period, explain with justification whether each of the above is an adjusting or a non-adjusting event after the reporting period.

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  • 20 Marks

FA – Nov 2018 – L1 – Q5 – The IASB’s Conceptual Framework

Explain the reasons for not preparing financial statements on a going concern basis and treat events after the reporting period under IAS 10.

a) The financial controller of Kantanka Ltd, a technology company, has asked you, a trainee financial accountant within the company, for an explanation of some accounting terminologies and for advice on how to account for various transactions that occurred after the financial year-end date of 31 December 2016.

Required:
Explain TWO (2) reasons why a company would not prepare its financial statements on a going concern basis. (4 marks)

b) In accordance with IAS 10: Events after the Reporting Period, explain what is meant by an ‘event after the reporting period’. (4 marks)

c) How should the information in (b) above be dealt with in the financial statements? (3 marks)

d) i) Kantanka purchased a motor vehicle on 30 December 2016 and paid a non-refundable deposit of GH¢5,000 on that date. He also wrote a cheque on that date for the balance of GH¢20,000. The seller cashed the cheque on 3 January 2017. (3 marks)

ii) Kantanka Ltd was sued by a customer who was unhappy with the quality of a product delivered to him in June 2016. The court case was heard in late October 2016 but it was not until 8 January 2017 that the judge ruled in favor of Kantanka Ltd and awarded it damages of GH¢20,000 to cover its solicitor’s fees. The legal costs were paid by the customer to Kantanka Ltd on 12 January 2017. Kantanka Ltd was unsure of winning the case and had previously included a provision in its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2016 for compensation and legal costs as follows:

GH¢ GH¢
Dr Legal Fees – Administrative Expenses 25,000
Dr Cost of Sales 35,000
Cr Provisions – Current Liabilities 60,000
(4 marks)

iii) One of Kantanka’s Ltd customers was declared bankrupt on 5 January 2017, owing GH¢4,000 to Kantanka Ltd. (2 marks)

Required:
How should the issues raised in (i) to (iii) be treated in the financial statements of Kantanka Ltd?

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  • 20 Marks

PSAF – Nov 2014 – L2 – Q4 – Public Sector Financial Statements

Explanation of reporting vs. authorization dates, and types of events after reporting date with treatment examples.

The General National Communication Commission (GNCC) is the sub-regulatory body in the Communications industry. It is mandatory for the Board of GNCC to submit its Report/Financial statements to the Ministry of Communication before publication in accordance with IPSAS 14 (Events after the reporting date). The events occurring after the reporting date could be favourable and/or unfavourable.

You are required to:

a. Distinguish between the reporting date and authorization date of the financial statements, giving examples. (4 Marks)

b. Explain briefly the differences between Adjusting and Non-Adjusting events after the reporting date, giving TWO examples of each. (8 Marks)

c. Identify the events (occurring after the reporting date) in the following situations and explain briefly the treatment of each:

i. General National Communication Commission carries its inventories at the lower of cost and net realizable value. At 31 December 2013, the cost of inventory determined under the First In, First Out (FIFO) method as reported in its financial statement for the year ended was N5 million. Due to severe recession and negative economic trends, the inventory could not be sold in January 2014. On 10 February, GNCC entered into an agreement to sell the entire inventory for N3 million. (2 Marks)

ii. The statutory audit of GNCC for the year ended 31 December 2012 was completed on 28 February 2013. The Financial Statement was signed by the Chief Executive Officer on 8 March 2013 and approved on 10 April 2013. The following events have since occurred:

A special equipment costing N605,000 purchased on 1 September, 2012
was destroyed by fire on 31 December, 2012. GNCC had booked a
receivable of N508,000 from the insurance company in respect of this
claim. On completion of investigation by the insurance company, it was
discovered that the fire broke out due to negligence on the part of a
machine operator. Consequently, the insurance company repudiated
liability.

iii. A debtor owing N900,000 filed for bankruptcy on January 15, 2013. The financial statements had included an allowance for doubtful debts relating to this debtor for N60,000 only. (2 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

FR – May 2015 – L2 – SB – Q7 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Identify and explain events after the reporting period, discuss treatment of liquidation and dividends under IAS 10.

(a) There is usually a lead time between the end of an entity’s accounting year and when the financial statements are approved and signed off by the directors. In between this period, there are two types of events according to IAS 10-Events After The Reporting Period, which may require consideration when preparing financial statements.

Required:
Identify and explain these events and state how they are treated in the financial statements. (4 Marks)

(b) Company A is indebted to company B to the tune of N50,000,000. The financial year-end of company B is 30 June 2014. On 30 July 2014, company B received a letter from a liquidator advising it that company A has gone into insolvency. The letter revealed that company A ceased operations a month ago and that company B is only likely to receive a liquidation dividend of 20k for every naira owed by company A. It is the normal practice of company B’s board to approve the audited financial statements three months after the financial year end.

Required:

  1. Explain how the above transactions should be treated in the financial statements of company B in accordance with IAS 10-Events After The Reporting Period. (2 Marks)
  2. Prepare journal entries that are required to adjust company B’s financial statements to account for the above event. (2 Marks)
  3. State what would have been the treatment in the financial statements assuming it was fire that destroyed company B’s factory building on 30 July 2014. (3 Marks)

(c) The directors of XYZ Plc declared that a dividend of N1 per ordinary share be paid to shareholders on the company’s register as at 15 April 2014. The financial statements were approved by the company’s board on 30 May 2014. The shareholders, at the company’s annual general meeting held on 15 June 2014, approved the payment of the dividend to eligible shareholders on 1 July 2014.

Required:
Explain how the dividend proposed by the Directors should be treated in the financial statements of XYZ Plc in accordance with IAS 10. (4 Marks)

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  • 14 Marks

FR – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3b – Events After the Reporting Period (IAS 10)

Advise on accounting treatment for events after the reporting date in a company case study.

(b) The following events took place in Chakachaka Company Nig. Limited:

(i) Shortly after the financial year ended on June 30, 2018, but before the financial statements were authorized for issue, Chakachaka Nigeria Limited’s inventory was destroyed by a fire outbreak which resulted in a loss of N200 million.

(ii) The company’s financial year that ended June 30, 2018, shows an amount of N60 million due from one of its debtors, Mr. Onigbese. Chakachaka Nigeria Limited provided for impairment at June 30, 2018, of N15 million against the gross value of N60 million. On July 31, 2018, before the financial statements were authorized for issue, Mr. Onigbese was declared bankrupt and unable to pay the debt.

(iii) Chakachaka Nigeria Limited was sued on June 30, 2018, but the judgment was only handed down on July 21, 2018. The Company was found liable for damages and costs amounting to N31 million. On July 22, 2018, Chakachaka Nigeria Limited filed a claim with its insurers, and on July 29, 2018, it was notified that the insurer would only cover N26 million of the loss.

Required:
Prepare a brief memorandum advising the directors of Chakachaka Nigeria Limited on the accounting treatment and/or disclosure required as a result of the events in (i) to (iii) after the reporting date.

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  • 6 Marks

FR – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3a – Events After the Reporting Period (IAS 10)

Discussion of key concepts under IAS 10 related to events after the reporting period.

IAS 10 on events after the reporting period has two main objectives:

  • To specify when a company should adjust its financial statements for events that occur after the end of the reporting period.
  • To specify the disclosure that should be given about events that have occurred after the end of the reporting period but before the financial statements were authorized for issue.

Required:
Discuss the following key concepts under IAS 10:
i. Event after the reporting period
ii. Adjusting events
iii. Non-adjusting events

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Nov 2019 – L2 – Q4a – Completion Procedures and Reporting

Classifies subsequent events and indicates the required treatment in financial statements.

During the audit of Die Hard Company Limited, the following items were listed on the file divider under subsequent events:
i) Kodjo Armah, a major debtor for GH¢400,000 has been found to be insolvent.
ii) Large quantities of stocks were destroyed by fire in the first month after the reporting date.
iii) Judgment in respect of litigation that was ongoing before the year-end has been given against the company shortly after the end of the financial year. The judgment debt was GH¢5 million.
iv) Two customers had put in a claim in respect of goods sold to them under warranty before the year-end of GH¢300,000 and GH¢450,000 respectively. No provision was made for warranty claims in the financial statements.
v) The company issued fresh equity shares after the year-end. The number of shares was 2.5 million which generated GH¢5 million.

Required:
Classify the above items and indicate the treatment required in the financial statements.
(10 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

AA – Mar 2024 – L2 – Q5a – Completion Procedures and Reporting

Identify subsequent events and recommend auditor actions based on two scenarios for Benkum Ltd.

Atiko Audit firm is the external auditor of Benkum Ltd, a company operating in the oil and gas sector. Benkum Ltd is listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. On completing the audit for the year ended 31 December 2022, the following issues were brought to the attention of the senior partner:

  1. On 25 February 2023, Benkum agreed with the workers’ union to increase the pay of all its employees by 10%, backdated to 1 July 2022. No provision for this has been made in the financial statements.
  2. One of the company’s oil tankers shipwrecked at Cape Three Points on the western side of Ghana. There is a risk of serious oil spillage which could have a significant effect on the future of the company. Further information will not be available until after the auditor’s report has been signed.

Required:
i) State TWO (2) types of the event identified by ISA 560: Subsequent Events in relation to the scenario above. (2 marks)
ii) What further action should Atiko Audit firm take concerning each of the above issues? (8 marks)

 

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  • 4 Marks

FR – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q2d – Financial Statement Analysis

Discuss the effects of two events on the financial statements in accordance with IAS 10 Events after the Reporting Period.

Suame Ltd is a listed telecommunication company which prepares its financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2015 in accordance with IFRS. The financial statements are due to be authorised for issue on 15 January 2016.

  • i) Suame Ltd holds an investment in the shares of a listed company, Asafo Ltd. During November 2015 there was a material fall in the value of Asafo Ltd’s shares. Analysts attribute the fall in value principally to a fraud dating back to December 2014 that was discovered by Asafo Ltd’s management and announced publicly in November 2015.
  • ii) In December 2015, the directors of Suame Ltd publicly announced a plan to reduce the workforce by 10% as a result of worsening economic conditions.

Required:
Discuss the effects of each of the above items on the financial statements of Suame Ltd for the year ended 31 October 2015 in accordance with IAS 10 Events after the Reporting Period.

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  • 4 Marks

FR – Nov 2018 – L2 – Q2d- Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

This question tests the classification of events after the reporting period as either adjusting or non-adjusting.

The following events occurred after the year end, but before the financial statements were authorised for issue:

  1. Enactment by the government of a revised tax rate affecting the amount of the settlement of the deferred tax liability included in the financial statements.
  2. A share split in respect of the earnings per share calculation.
  3. Criteria being met in order to classify non-current assets as held for sale.
  4. A material, but not fundamental, error arising in the comparative figures.

Required:
In accordance with IAS 10: Events after the reporting period, explain with justification whether each of the above is an adjusting or a non-adjusting event after the reporting period.

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  • 20 Marks

FA – Nov 2018 – L1 – Q5 – The IASB’s Conceptual Framework

Explain the reasons for not preparing financial statements on a going concern basis and treat events after the reporting period under IAS 10.

a) The financial controller of Kantanka Ltd, a technology company, has asked you, a trainee financial accountant within the company, for an explanation of some accounting terminologies and for advice on how to account for various transactions that occurred after the financial year-end date of 31 December 2016.

Required:
Explain TWO (2) reasons why a company would not prepare its financial statements on a going concern basis. (4 marks)

b) In accordance with IAS 10: Events after the Reporting Period, explain what is meant by an ‘event after the reporting period’. (4 marks)

c) How should the information in (b) above be dealt with in the financial statements? (3 marks)

d) i) Kantanka purchased a motor vehicle on 30 December 2016 and paid a non-refundable deposit of GH¢5,000 on that date. He also wrote a cheque on that date for the balance of GH¢20,000. The seller cashed the cheque on 3 January 2017. (3 marks)

ii) Kantanka Ltd was sued by a customer who was unhappy with the quality of a product delivered to him in June 2016. The court case was heard in late October 2016 but it was not until 8 January 2017 that the judge ruled in favor of Kantanka Ltd and awarded it damages of GH¢20,000 to cover its solicitor’s fees. The legal costs were paid by the customer to Kantanka Ltd on 12 January 2017. Kantanka Ltd was unsure of winning the case and had previously included a provision in its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2016 for compensation and legal costs as follows:

GH¢ GH¢
Dr Legal Fees – Administrative Expenses 25,000
Dr Cost of Sales 35,000
Cr Provisions – Current Liabilities 60,000
(4 marks)

iii) One of Kantanka’s Ltd customers was declared bankrupt on 5 January 2017, owing GH¢4,000 to Kantanka Ltd. (2 marks)

Required:
How should the issues raised in (i) to (iii) be treated in the financial statements of Kantanka Ltd?

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